HVSR法数据精细化处理中若干干扰和校正问题的解决方法研究  

Research on the Solution of Some Interference and Correction Problems in HVSR data Processing

作　　者：周世昌 王斌战 邱波 徐元璋 刘磊 苑益军[2] 王胜侯 Zhou Shichang;Wang Binzhan;Qiu Bo;Xu Yuanzhang;Liu Lei;Yuan Yijun;Wang Shenghou(Geophysical Exploration Team of Geophysical Exploration Institute, Hubei Geological Bureau, HuBei Wuhan 430056, China;School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan HuBei 430074, China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省地质局地球物理勘探大队物探所,湖北武汉430056 [2]中国地质大学地球物理与信息技术学院,北京100083 [3]中国地质大学教育部构造与石油资源重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2021年第1期14-26,共13页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：湖北省自然资源科研计划项目(编号:ZRZY2019KY07)。

摘　　要：微动HVSR方法因其布点灵活,现已广泛应用于城市浅地表的勘探中,然而城市中干扰因素众多,如车辆震动干扰、高压线电磁干扰、声波干扰等,而且受仪器制造工艺影响,现今的三分量检波器普遍存在零点漂移现象,造成振动曲线的扭曲畸变。因此需要对原始数据中的干扰因素和畸变进行剔除和校正,才能获得品质良好的谱比曲线。本文详细讨论了微动HVSR方法数据处理过程中普遍存在的几个客观问题,并给出了相应的解决方案:①瞬态干扰信号采用STA/LTA方法标记后剥离;②仪器零点漂移校正采用“分段标记重构法”;③谐波干扰去除采用“自适应谐波干扰降噪技术”;④频谱和谱比值优化计算时采用滑动时窗叠加和帕曾窗进行平滑。将武汉法泗镇岩溶塌陷区的探测数据采用上述方法进行精细化处理,最终获得了优质的二维谱比剖面,该剖面与钻孔以及其它物探资料对应良好,能够很好地刻画岩溶塌陷坑边界范围。这为HVSR法的优化处理提供了示例。HVSR method has been widely used in urban shallow surface exploration because of its flexibility in the layout of survey points.However,there are many interference factors in the city such as vehicle vibration interference,high voltage line electromagnetic interference and acoustic interference.Moreover,due to the influence of instrument manufacturing technology,the phenomenon of zero drift exists in the current three-component geophone,which results in the distortion of vibration curve.Therefore,it is necessary to eliminate interference factors and correct distortion of the original data in order to obtain the spectral ratio curve with good quality.This paper discusses several common objective problems in HVSR data processing and concludes corresponding solutions:①The transient interference signal was labeled with STA/LTA method and then peeled off;②The zero drift of the instrument is corrected by"Segment marking reconstruction method";③Harmonic interference is removed by"adaptive harmonic interference denoising technology";④Spectrum and spectral ratio are optimized by sliding window accumulation and Pazen window.This paper meticulously processes the detection data of karst collapse area in Fasi town of Wuhan city by means of the above method,and obtains 2D spectral ratio profile with high quality.The spectral ratio profile corresponds well with borehole and other geophysical data,and can well describe the boundary scope of karst collapse pit.This provides a good example for optimizing process of HVSR method.

关 键 词：HVSR方法 STA/LTA方法 零点漂移 谐波干扰 岩溶塌陷 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]