论紧急避险的可防卫性  

On the Defensibility of Emergency Hedging

作　　者：崔秀秀 张宝[2] CUI Xiu-xiu;ZHANG Bao(Criminal Law School of East China University, Shanghai 200042, China 2.Law School of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学刑事法学院,上海200042 [2]河南科技大学法学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第1期65-70,共6页Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology(Social science)

摘　　要：在二元论的紧急避险中,由于允许针对阻却责任的避险行为实施正当防卫,因此围绕紧急避险的防卫性问题能够得出肯定回答,但在一元论的紧急避险中则存在争议。我国理论通说认为,紧急避险是阻却违法事由,故不允许对其实施正当防卫,但这也只是立足法益衡量的优越利益原理得出的结论。由于紧急避险的正当化根据在于社会连带义务,因此能否针对紧急避险行为实施正当防卫,应当立足社会连带义务实行二元划分。对财产法益、自由法益及较轻身体健康法益造成损害的避险行为,由于完全处于社会连带义务范围内,具有完整合法性,因此不得对其实施正当防卫;但对生命法益和重大身体健康法益造成损害的避险行为,由于其已经完全超出社会连带义务范围,不再具有合法性,因此可以对其实施正当防卫。In dualism’s emergency hedging,due to allowing justifiable defense against hedging acts for prevention from responsibility,positive answers can be drawn to questions about defense of emergency hedging,but that are still in dispute in monism’s emergency hedging.Chinese theory generally holds that emergency hedging is a cause of preventing illegality,so justifiable defense is not allowed to be carried out on it,but this is only a conclusion based on the principle of superior interests measured by legal interests.Since the justification basis of emergency hedging lies in social joint and several obligations,whether justifiable defense can be implemented against emergency hedging should be implemented binary division based on social joint and several obligations.Hedging acts that cause damage to property legal interests,freedom legal interests and lighter health legal interests are not allowed to carry out justifiable defense because these are completely within the scope of social joint and several obligations and have integral legitimacy.However,hedging acts that cause damage to the legal interests of life and major physical health can be allowed to carry out justifiable defense because these are completely beyond the scope of social joint and several obligations and no longer have legitimacy.

关 键 词：紧急避险 正当防卫 功利主义 社会连带义务 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]