不同放牧强度对糙隐子草功能性状的影响  

Effects of Different Grazing Intensities on Functional Traits of Cleistogenes squarrosa

作　　者：安景源 李西良[2] 丁勇[2] 李芳[2] 郭丰辉 马晖玲[1] 高韶勃 李元恒[2] AN Jing-yuan;LI Xi-liang;DING Yong;LI Fang;GUO Feng-hui;MA Hui-ling;GAO Shao-bo;LI Yuan-heng(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Grassland Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology and Restoration of the Ministry of Agriculture,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所/农业农村部草地生态与修复治理重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2021年第1期50-57,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(ZDZX2018020,2019GG009,2019ZD008);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2019MS03002,2020ZD06,2020BS03046);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(1610332020004,1610332020021)。

摘　　要：以典型草原退化群落优势种糙隐子草为研究对象,探究其植株茎秆、叶片、根系等形态特征及生物量等功能性状指标对不同放牧强度的响应,结果表明:(1)轻度放牧和适度放牧对糙隐子草茎叶功能性状指标均无显著影响,重度放牧和极重度放牧使糙隐子草的株高较对照显著降低20.24%和21.09%,使糙隐子草的叶长较对照显著降低23.50%和23.24%,而重度放牧使糙隐子草的茎粗较对照显著增加35.00%。(2)糙隐子草根系总根长、表面积、体积等性状指标均随放牧强度的增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势,在重度放牧处理下最低,极重牧处理下有所升高。(3)糙隐子草茎秆和根系生物量性状指标随着放牧强度的增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势,叶片生物量性状指标随着放牧强度的增加呈现先增大后减小再增大的趋势,其值均在重牧处理最低。(4)Pearson相关分析发现糙隐子草的株高、叶长、分蘖数与地上生物量均呈显著相关关系;根系生物量与总根长、表面积、体积、根尖数均呈极显著相关关系;地上生物量与根系物量之间呈极显著相关关系。研究表明,糙隐子草是通过改变茎秆、叶片、根系功能性状,调整其生存策略适应放牧环境变化,以保证在典型草原放牧生态系统中的存在比率。As a dominant plant of degraded community in typical grassland,Cleistogenes squarrosa was used as the research subject to explore the response of stem,leaf,root functional traits and biomass to different grazing intensities.The results showed that the stem and leaf functional traits of C.squarrosa were not changed under light and moderate grazing conditions.However,the plant height of C.squarrosa under heavy grazing and extremely heavy grazing conditions were decreased by 20.24%and 21.09%respectively,and the leaf length decreased by 23.50%and 23.24%respectively,compared with the control,while the stem diameter was increased by 35.00%under heavy grazing condition.With the increase of grazing intensity,the root length,surface area and volume,and stem,leaf and root biomass of C.squarrosa showed a trend of decreasing firstly and increased subsequently,in which the lowest values were shown under heavy grazing conditions.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the plant height,leaf length and tiller number were significantly correlated with aboveground biomass.The root biomass was significantly correlated with total root length,surface area,volume and root tip number.The correlation between aboveground biomass and root biomass was extremely significant.In conclusion,under different grazing intensities,C.squarrosa was adapted to grazing induced environmental changes by altering functional traits of stem,leaf and root,so as to keep a proper ratio in typical steppe.

关 键 词：糙隐子草 放牧强度 功能性状 根系 生物量 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]