泥石流排导槽磨蚀行为特征研究  

Study on the Characteristics of Abrasion Behavior of Debris Flow Drainage Channel

作　　者：杨东旭[1,2,3] 游勇 陈晓清[1] 黄海[2] YANG Dongxu;YOU Yong;CHEN Xiaoqing;HUANG Hai(Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes,Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,Chengdu 610041,China;Technical Center for Geological Disaster Prevention and Control,China Geological Survey&Institute of Exploration Technology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Chengdu 611734,China;University of Chinese Academy Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国地质调查局地质灾害防治技术中心,中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所,四川成都611734 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《灾害学》2021年第1期48-53,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(41807300);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0902);中国地质调查局项目(DD20190644、20190505)。

摘　　要：磨蚀损坏是泥石流排导槽失效的重要诱因之一。对排导槽底面受泥石流冲刷而产生磨蚀的研究现状进行总结,并基于摩擦磨损理论分析排导槽的磨蚀系统特征,以期促进泥石流排导槽磨蚀损坏的机理研究及抗磨蚀结构的研发应用。通过泥石流排导槽磨蚀的野外现象考察和理论分析,总结了磨蚀系统构成、磨蚀影响因素、磨蚀形貌和磨蚀行为特征。结果表明,泥石流排导槽磨蚀面是一个复杂的多相系统,涉及因子众多,符合系统依赖性、时间依赖性和多学科交叉耦合的摩擦学系统特征;磨蚀影响因素分为泥石流自身磨蚀能力因素和排导槽抗磨蚀能力因素两大类,包括泥石流容重、流速、颗粒组分、泥深、流变参数、流态参数、过流持续时间和排导槽结构断面型式、衬砌材料的强度、骨料级配和硬度等;磨蚀形貌可归纳为层状剥落、犁沟状切槽、“壶穴状”磨蚀坑和肋槛顶部磨蚀共四类。Abrasion damage is one of the important failure causes of debris flow drainage channel,which seriously affects the normal operation life and health status of the drainage channel.Based on the theory of friction and wear,the abrasion system and behavior characteristics of the drainage channel is analyzed,in order to promote the research on the mechanism of abrasion damage and the development and application of anti-wear structure.Based on the field investigation and theoretical analysis of the abrasion of debris flow drainage channel,the composition of the abrasion system,the affecting factors,the wear morphology and the characteristics of abrasion behavior are summarized.The results show that the abrasion surface of debris flow drainage channel is a complex multi-phase system,involving many factors,which is in line with the tribology system characteristics of system dependence,time dependence and multidisciplinary coupling.The factors affecting the abrasion are divided into two categories:the abrasion ability of debris flow and the anti-wear ability of drainage channel,including bulk density,velocity,particle composition,mud depth and rheological parameters,flow pattern parameters,flow duration,cross-section type of channel structure,strength of lining material,aggregate gradation and hardness,etc..The wear morphology can be summarized into four categories:layered peeling,furrow cutting groove,“pot hole”erosion pit and rib sill top erosion.

关 键 词：泥石流 排导槽 冲刷磨蚀 摩擦磨损 结构耐久性 

分 类 号：P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学] X43[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]