强化生物堆法修复多环芳烃污染土壤的初步研究  

Preliminary Study on Remediation of PAH⁃contaminated Soil by Enhanced Biopile

作　　者：谢林培 祝冲之 张晓东[1,2] 余冉 展漫军[3] 孙丽伟[1] XIE Lin-pei;ZHU Chong-zhi;ZHANG Xiao-dong;YU Ran;ZHAN Man-jun;SUN Li-wei(School of Energy and Environment,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China;Nanjing Research Institute of Environmental Protection,Nanjing 210013,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,江苏南京210096 [2]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [3]南京市环境保护科学研究院,江苏南京210013

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2021年第1期96-102,共7页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1803100)。

摘　　要：以多环芳烃(PAHs)污染场地土壤为研究对象,研究了不同工艺条件的生物堆反应器中PAHs降解效果,并通过对PAHs高效降解混菌的筛选富集,探讨菌液投加对生物堆技术处理PAHs污染土壤的强化修复作用效能。结果表明,生物堆运行过程中土壤pH和含水率基本保持稳定,总PAHs在9 d内快速降解,降解率达到80%以上,之后基本不变;生物堆在短期内(9 d)对低分子质量(2~3环)PAHs具有较高降解效率,达到91%;但中、高分子质量(4~6环)PAHs的降解效率只有60%,降解中、高分子质量PAHs可能需要更长时间。在试验期内添加表面活性剂、通风和投加PAHs降解菌液对总PAHs降解率均没有显著提升,但添加菌液后土壤脱氢酶活性大幅升高,投加菌液的3#和4#处理在80 d时脱氢酶活性较41 d时分别增加约7倍和9倍。PAHs降解菌液可能对PAHs降解中间产物的进一步矿化起到显著促进作用。添加表面活性剂并通风处理的脱氢酶活性更高,达到10740μg·g^-1·h^-1,说明其对中间产物降解的促进作用更大。该研究验证了生物堆技术在PAHs污染土壤修复中的有效性,并对比了不同强化措施对修复效果的影响,为该技术在PAHs污染场地修复中的应用提供了重要数据支撑。Microbial technology is a promising method for removing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)from contaminated soil.The PAHs degradation efficiency in the biopile treated contaminated soil was studied.4 biopiles were set up,the control group(1#),the sufactants Tween 80 added one(2#),the ventilated one(3#)and the one mixed with the sufactants Tween 80 and ventilated(4#).The results show that after 9 days,the total PAHs in all experimental groups decreased by more than 80%.The low molecular weight PAHs(2-3 rings)levels decreased the most(91%)after 9 days,yet the medium and high molecular weight PAHs(4-6 rings)levels may take longer time to be degraded,and only 60%was degraded.The removal rates of the medium and high molecular weight PAHs were not significantly promoted via adding surfactant or ventilating after 80 days treatment.At the 31 days,the 3#and 4#groups were both mixed with the indigenous bacterial consortium enriched from the studied contaminated soil.The microbial community,surfactant and ventilating did not significantly promote the PAHs degradation rate in the studied period(80 days),although the dehydrogenase activities at 80 days of the 3#and 4#groups increased 7-fold and 9-fold respectively as compared with 41 days.At the 80 days,the dehydrogenase activities of 4#group reached 10740μg·g^-1·h^-1.This study verified the effectiveness of biopile in treating PAHs contaminated soil,explored the different treatement strengthening strageties for improving the remediation effect of biopile on PHA contaminated soil,and provided important information for the application of biopile in remediation of PAHs contaminated sites.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 生物堆 生物修复 混合菌群 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]