曲波变换与傅里叶变换联合压制面波方法研究  

Research on surface wave suppression combined with Curvelet transform and Fourier transform

作　　者：路鹏飞 郭爱华 何月顺[1] 张建坤 石文武[2] 吴开龙[2] LU Peng-fei;GUO Ai-hua;HE Yue-shun;ZHANG Jian-kun;SHI Wen-wu;WU Kai-long(School of Information Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;PetroChina Jidong Oilfield,Tangshan 063004,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学信息工程学院,南昌330013 [2]中国石油冀东油田勘探开发研究院,唐山063004

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2020年第6期2181-2187,共7页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目“复杂环境下脉冲中子测井时间谱变化规律及铀定量算法研究”(11765001)资助。

摘　　要：面波是叠前地震资料主要干扰噪声,严重干扰有效信号的分析与处理.由于面波频带和有效波频带总有重合部分,单纯从时间域或频率域压制面波,效果不理想.曲波变换具有多尺度、多方向性的优势,利用这一特征,可以将含面波噪声的地震信号变换到曲波域,对面波曲波域系数置零进行去除.但是此方法很难选出合适的分解层次及参数将面波和有效波完全分离,针对此问题,本文提出一种利用曲波变换与傅里叶变换联合压制面波的方法.该方法将含面波噪声的地震信号变换到曲波域,最大限度分离含面波噪声成分的曲波域系数和有效信号的曲波域系数;对分离出的含面波噪声成分的曲波域系数,进行傅里叶变换,变换到频率域,在频率域对含面波成分的曲波域系数进行面波噪声压制;然后进行傅里叶反变换、曲波反变换,得到压制面波噪声后的地震信号.理论模型与实际地震资料的应用结果表明,本文方法在压制面波的同时,较好地保护了反射波有效信号.Surface wave is the main interference noise of pre-stack seismic data, which seriously interferes the analysis and processing of effective signal. Because the frequency band of surface wave always coincides with the effective frequency band, the effect of suppressing surface wave from time domain or frequency domain is not ideal. The curved wave transform has the advantage of multi-scale and multi direction. Using this feature, the seismic signal with surface wave noise can be transformed into the curved wave domain, and the coefficient of the curved wave domain can be set to zero. However, it is difficult to choose a suitable decomposition level to separate the surface wave and the effective wave completely. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a method to suppress the surface wave by using the combination of curved wave transform and Fourier transform. In this method, the seismic signal with surface wave noise is transformed into the curved wave domain, and the curved wave domain coefficients of the effective signal and the curved wave domain coefficients of the effective signal are separated as much as possible;the separated curved wave domain coefficients with the surface wave noise component are Fourier transformed into the frequency domain, and the curved wave domain coefficients with the surface wave component are suppressed in the frequency domain;then the Fourier transform is carried out The seismic signal after suppressing the surface wave noise is obtained by the inverse transform of the inner leaf and the curved wave. The application results of theoretical model and practical seismic data show that the method in this paper can suppress the surface wave and protect the effective signal of reflection wave.

关 键 词：面波压制 曲波变换 曲波域 傅里叶变换 频率域 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]