采后Botrytis crnerea生防酵母菌的筛选及抑菌效果测定  

Screening and Biocontrol Efficacy Determination of Antagonism Yeast Against Postharvest GrapeGray Mold

作　　者：王晓妍 张栋园 李宁 崔新仪 Wang Xiaoyan;Zhang Dongyuan;Li Ning;Cui Xinyi(College of Horticulture and Landscape,Tianjin Agriculture University,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院园艺园林学院,天津300384

出　　处：《山东化工》2020年第23期3-5,共3页Shandong Chemical Industry

基　　金：大学生创新创业训练计划项目(国家级)(项目名称:葡萄采后生防酵母菌的筛选及其生防机理研究,项目编号:201810061039);农业农村部农产品贮藏保鲜重点实验室开放基金(项目名称:酵母菌STY-1处理对葡萄采后的生物防腐保鲜效果与机理的研究,项目编号:kf2019005);天津市科技支撑重点项目(项目名称:防治设施果蔬霜霉病和白粉病新型植物源杀菌剂的创制及产品研发,项目编号:19YFZCSN00110)。

摘　　要：从多种食材中分离筛选出19株酵母菌,通过对峙培养筛选出一株对采后灰霉菌抑制较好的酵母菌菌株Sl-1,其离体抑制率达到53.33%,比清水对照增加了41.33%。对酵母菌菌株Sl-1进行发酵培养(48 h,28℃,1200 r/min),利用其不同的发酵液浓度(2×10^6个孢子/mL,2×10^5个孢子/mL,2×10^4个孢子/mL)对葡萄进行活体有伤和无伤接种实验,结果发现在有伤接种7 d后,葡萄灰霉病的病情指数分别为33.33,40.25,51.33,与对照相比降低了52.98%,43.22%,27.59%;在无伤接种处理7d后,葡萄灰霉病的病情指数分别为23.33,36.67,40.78,与对照相比降低54.83%,29.00%,21.05%。结合离体和活体实验结果可以推测酵母菌菌株SL-1对Botrytis crnerea有较好的防治效果。Ninteen yeast strains were isolated from various food materials(apple,pear,banana,grape,mango,pomegranate,milk,red wine,papaya and carambola).A yeast strain SL-3 had aexerted significant inhibitory inhibite effect function on Botrytis crnerea,and its inhibition rate reached with inhibition rate 53.33% in vitro,Sl-1,a yeast strain with good inhibition to grapevine gray mold,was screened out through confrontation culture,and its inhibition rate in vitro reached 53.33%,increased by 41.33% compared with the control in water.To fermentation culture yeast strains SL-1(48 h,28℃,and 1200 r/min),the different fermented liquid concentration(2×10^6 spores/mL,2×10^5 spores/mL,2×10^4 spores/mL)were used to inoculation by injury or without injury,the result showed that mould of disease index were 33.33,40.25,51.33,compared with the control reduced the 52.98%,43.22%,27.59%.After 7 days of inoculation without injury,the disease index of Botrytis cinerea was 23.33,36.67,40.78 respectively,which decreased by 54.83%,29.00%,21.05%.Compared with the control group.Combined with in vitro and in vivo experiment results,it is concluded that the strain SL-1 selected by this experiment has a good effect on the control of grape gray mold.

关 键 词：葡萄灰霉菌 酵母菌 分离筛选 抑菌效果 

分 类 号：S436.631[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]