西方高等教育监管的历史溯源与现代图景  

The Historical Origin and Modern Prospect of Western Higher Education Regulation

作　　者：姚荣 YAO Rong(Institute of Higher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2020年第12期93-104,共12页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(教育学)青年课题(CIA180271)。

摘　　要：自中世纪以来,作为"特权"形态存在的大学自治,始终受到王权与教权的干预。伴随着民族国家的兴起,大学自治开始受到法律乃至宪法的保障,而高等教育监管则被限缩在法定范围以内。20世纪80年代以来,在财政紧缩与全球竞争加剧的背景下,高等教育监管开始从"高权管制"与"远距离监控"两种经典形态转向多种控制机制并存的混合控制模式。通过更加"精明"的高等教育监管,提升政府的政策设计能力,激发大学作为法人实体的自我监管动机、战略规划能力和公共责任取向,实现监管逻辑从合法性到有效性的转变,已成为治理时代西方高等教育监管变革的最新趋势。Since the Middle Ages,university autonomy,as a form of"privilege",has always been interfered by the royal power and the church power.With the rise of nation-state,university autonomy is guaranteed by law and even constitution,while the supervision of higher education is limited within the legal scope.Since the 1980s,under the background of financial austerity and intensified global competition,the regulation of higher education has begun to shift from the two classic forms of"high power control"and"remote monitoring"to a hybrid control mode with multiple control mechanisms.Through a more"smart"higher education regulation,improving the government’s policy design ability,stimulating the selfregulation motivation,strategic planning and public responsibility orientation of university as a legal entity,and changing the regulatory logic from legitimacy to the effectiveness,have become the latest trend of western higher education regulation.

关 键 词：西方高等教育监管 “精明”监管 政策设计能力 监管逻辑 

分 类 号：G649.1[文化科学—高等教育学]