基于统计特征的图像直方图均衡化检测方法  

Histogram Equalization Detection Based on Statistical Features in Digital Image

作　　者：毕秀丽 邱雨檬 肖斌[1] 李伟生[1] 马建峰 BI Xiu-Li;QIU Yu-Meng;XIAO Bin;LI Wei-Sheng;MA Jian-Feng(Chongqing Key Laboralory of Image Cognilion.Chongqing Universily of Posts and Telecommunicalions,Chongqing 400065;College of Net work and In formalion Securily,Xidian Universily,Xi'an 710071)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学图像认知重庆市重点实验室,重庆400065 [2]西安电子科技大学网络与信息安全学院,西安710071

出　　处：《计算机学报》2021年第2期292-303,共12页Chinese Journal of Computers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61806032,61976031);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1000307-3);重庆市基础与前沿项目(cstc2018jcyjAX0117);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJZD-K201800601、KJQN201800611)资助.

摘　　要：直方图均衡化作为图像对比度增强技术之一,在图像恶意篡改过程中经常被作为隐藏被篡改图像强度变化的手段.本文利用图像直方图和其累积分布函数曲线,提取直方图均衡化的痕迹特征,实现直方图均衡化篡改检测.本文提出的方法首先利用图像直方图累积分布函数的变化趋势自适应地选择提取特征的灰度范围,然后在该范围内分别提取累积分布函数与恒等函数的相似度和直方图的零值间隙数量作为分类特征,最后利用K最邻近(K-Nearest Neighbor,简称KNN)分类算法进行分类.实验结果表明,本文方法不仅适用于检测常规直方图均衡化操作,对小分辨率图像的直方图均衡化操作和均衡化图像经过压缩后处理情况都具有较强的鲁棒性,并且可以区分直方图均衡化和其他类型对比度增强操作.Nowadays,it is extremely easy to alter or fabricate an image.There are many unreal images widely spreading on the Internet.From the perspective of information security,the wrong information displayed by the unreal images will bring immeasurable harm.According to whether the content of image expression is changed or not,the types of tampered images can be divided into two major categories.The first type is malicious modification of image expression content according to requirements.This type of tampering mainly includes copy-move,splicing.The second kind of tampering mainly affects the visual effect of images.Such tampering operations are often regarded as post-processing steps of the first kind of tampering operations,such as compression,blurring and contrast enhancement.The purpose of this type of tampering is mainly to hide the difference between the tampered expression content and the untampered area in the image by adjusting the visual effect of the image,so as to cover up the tampering traces.In the previous image contrast enhancement tamper detection work,researchers have put forward a lot of excellent tamper detection methods.However,they also have some disadvantages,such as no support for post-compression processing and narrow application scope.Aiming at histogram equalization in image contrast enhancement,this paper proposes a histogram equalization detection method based on statistical features in images.In this paper,the image histogram and cumulative distribution function curve are used to extract the trace features of histogram equalization for realizing the digital forensic of histogram equalization.Firstly,the proposed method adaptively chooses the gray scale which is most likely to have the histogram equalization traces in the image by using the trend of the cumulative distribution function curve of the image.Because in the image histogram,not all the gray levels have reflected the image histogram equalization traces.It can be known that histogram equalization is realized by using cumulative distr

关 键 词：直方图均衡化检测 统计特征 累积分布函数 K最邻近分类 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]