不同覆土材料对段木栽培灵芝产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Different Covered Soil Materials on Ganoderma lucidum Yield and Quality during Log Cultivation

作　　者：周洁[1] 张波[1] 李小林[1] 叶雷[1] 谭伟[1] ZHOU Jie;ZHANG Bo;LI Xiao-lin;YE Lei;TAN Wei(Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2020年第11期26-30,共5页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：2016年“十三五”国家食用菌产业技术体系毛木耳和药用菌栽培岗位建设项目(CARS-20)。

摘　　要：用常规方法段木栽培"川圆芝1号",以5种覆土材料(紫色土、水稻土、黄壤、石灰岩土、河沙)栽培灵芝及不覆土对照处理,探究不同覆土材料对段木栽培灵芝产量及品质的影响。结果表明,覆土栽培灵芝子实体产量为不覆土栽培的16.78倍~24.34倍,均显著高于不覆土处理;覆盖土黄壤、石灰岩土和河沙处理的灵芝产量显著高于覆盖紫色土和水稻土。不覆土栽培灵芝菌盖小且薄,而覆盖河沙和黄壤菌盖大。而覆盖水稻土、紫色土、石灰岩土、黄壤和河沙可显著增厚灵芝菌盖;各处理方式对菌柄的长短无显著影响。覆盖紫色土处理的灵芝子实体多糖含量(0.87%)最高;而不覆土栽培的灵芝子实体三萜含量(1.15%)最高,且极显著高于覆土处理。结合试验研究结果分析,达州市、泸州市、雅安市和凉山州为四川段木灵芝高产栽培的适宜区域;盆地各市及凉山州、雅安市为四川高多糖含量段木灵芝栽培的适宜区域。The cultivated Ganoderma lucidum strain was Chuanyuanzhi No.1. Five materials including purple soil, paddy soil,yellow soil, limestone soil and river sands were used for G. lucidum log cultivation, and one treatment was without covered soil in the study, to explore the effects of different covered soil materials on G. lucidum yield and quality. Results showed that the G. lucidum yields of treatments with covered materials were all significantly higher than that without covered soil, as 16.78-24.34 folds as no covered soil cultivation. And the yields of treatments covered with yellow soil, limestone soil and river sands were significantly higher than those with purple soil and paddy soil. Besides, the G. lucidum caps of cultivation without soil were the smallest and thinnest, while those with yellow soil and river sands were much bigger, and all the treatments with covered materials had thicker caps. However, there was no significantly affected by each processing method in stipe length. In addition, the highest polysaccharide content of G. lucidum fruiting body was found in the treatment covered with purple soil(0.87%),and the cultivation without soil was with the highest triterpenoid content in the fruiting body(1.15%), which was significantly higher than those of other covered material treatments. In conclusion, the city of Dazhou, Luzhou and Ya’an, and Liangshan prefecture in Sichuan province are suitable for high-yield G. lucidum cultivation, while the cities in Sichuan basin, Yaan city and Liangshan prefecture are suitable for G. lucidum cultivation with high polysaccharide contents.

关 键 词：覆土材料 灵芝 段木栽培 子实体性状 

分 类 号：S646.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]