围填海影响下的芝罘湾水动力变化的数值研究  

Numerical Simulation Study on Hydrodynamic Changes of Zhifu Bay under the Influence of Reclamation

作　　者：朱金龙 朱淑香 魏潇 徐艳东 孙伟 何鑫 ZHU Jinlong;ZHU Shuxiang;WEI Xiao;XU Yandong;SUN Wei;HE Xin(Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology,Yantai 264006,China;Qingdao HengLi Environmental Technology Research Institute co.LTD,Qingdao 266400,China;College of Environment Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋资源与环境研究院山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264006 [2]青岛衡立环境技术研究院有限公司,山东青岛266400 [3]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2020年第6期61-71,共11页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家海洋局海域管理技术重点实验室基金项目(201608);山东省海岸带保护与利用规划编制试点项目;山东环境科学学会项目(202013、202014)资助。

摘　　要：本文通过芝罘湾多时相遥感影像和历史海图资料,提取1981—2011年4个时期的岸线和水深数据,统计30a间海湾面积和岸线长度变化。基于岸线和水深数据,通过良好模型验证,建立芝罘湾二维水动力模型,选取同潮条件下大潮期海流分布特征,采用平均潮差和纳潮量计算公式,研究30a间围填海工程对芝罘湾海流、平均潮差和纳潮量的影响。结果表明:1981—2011年30a间,芝罘湾岸线以背陆向海运动为主,湾顶西部岸线变化强烈,海湾面积减少19.69%,海岸线增长39.55%;近岸区域海流受围填海的影响较为显著,突堤堤头附近流速多呈现增大趋势,堤身两侧掩护区域以及港池内流速多表现为减小趋势;芝罘湾平均潮差和纳潮量均呈现减小趋势,30a间平均潮差减少了2.4 mm,大、小潮期纳潮量和平均纳潮量分别减少1.74×107 m3、0.69×107 m3和1.07×107 m3。研究结果可为下一步芝罘湾的生态用海和国土空间规划提出更为科学合理的对策建议。Coastline and water depth data of four periods were delineated in this paper based on the multi-temporal satellite remote sensing images and historical charts of Zhifu Bay and the changes of bay area and coastline length were calculated in the past 30 years from 1981 to 2011. On the basis of the above data, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was established for the bay by means of good model verification. Distribution characteristics of sea current were selected in the spring tide period under the same tidal condition, and the formulas of mean tidal range and tidal prism were adopted to study the effects of reclamation on ocean current, mean tidal range and tidal prism of the bay in 30 years. The results showed that the coastline of the bay was dominated by seaward shift(away from land to the sea) from 1981 to 2011. Shape changes of the western coastline of the bay top were significant where the bay area decreased by 19.69% and the coastline increased by 39.55%. Sea current in the coastal area was remarkably affected by reclamation. The flow velocity tended to increase near the dike head, while to decrease in the cover area on both sides of the dike and in the harbor basin. During the past 30 years, mean tidal range and tidal prism showed a trend of reduction in the bay. Mean tidal range had been reduced by 2.4 mm, and tidal prism in spring and neap tide period and mean tidal prism decreased by 1.74 × 107 m3, 0.69 × 10~7 m3 and 1.07 × 107 m3, respectively. The results can provide more scientific and reasonable suggestions for the ecological sea and territorial space planning of the bay.

关 键 词：芝罘湾 围填海 水动力 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]