血液标本病毒灭活对输血前试验的影响研究  

Effect of virus inactivation on pre-transfusion testing for blood samples

作　　者：陈荣华 张雪睿[1] 李洁 兰炯采[2] 冯文斌[1] 周清[1] 肖艳 CHEN Ronghua;ZHANG Xurui;LI Jie;LAN Jiongcai;FENG Wenbin;ZHOU Qing;XIAO Yan(Beihai People's Hospital,Beihai 536000,China;Nanfa Hospital,Southern Medical University)

机构地区：[1]北海市人民医院输血科,广西北海 [2]广州南方医院

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2020年第12期1238-1241,共4页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的探讨亚甲蓝光化学灭活病毒方法对输血前试验的干扰及应用的可行性。方法 1)连续选取本院配血标本10(人)份(5 mL/份),每份标本均分为三,分别以巴氏消毒法(56℃30 min)、二磷酸氯喹和亚甲蓝光化学法做灭活病毒试验,灭活后的标本做ABO、RhD血型鉴定,观察3种方法应用后标本的溶血情况、红细胞回收率和血型鉴定结果。2)连续选取本院配血标本41份(5 mL/份),每份标本一分为二,分别入观察组和对照组,观察组做亚甲蓝光化学法灭活处理后,同未做病毒灭活处理的对照组做血型抗原强度、血型抗体效价及输血前3项检测的对比试验。结果 1)巴氏消毒法溶血情况严重,而二磷酸氯喹和亚甲蓝光化学法无明显溶血;巴氏消毒法处理后的红细胞出现凝集,无法做出ABO、RhD血型鉴定结果,另外2种方法则不受影响。2)血型抗原强度、血型抗体效价及3项输血前试验,观察组与对照组比较没有明显差异(P>0.05),抗体效价积分分别为63.68±7.57 vs 62.33±8.53,48.83±8.56 vs 50.23±9.11(P>0.05)。结论亚甲蓝光化学法灭活病毒对临床配血标本输血前试验无明显影响,可用于疫病流行期间的输血前试验以降低医学实验人员受血液标本感染的风险。Objective To investigate the interference of methylene blue photoinactivation on pre-transfusion testing for blood samples and discuss the feasibility of its application.Methods 1)10 successive blood samples(5 mL each)from our hospital were divided into three eliquots,and then subjected to pasteurization(56℃for 30 min),chloroquine diphosphate and methylene blue photoinactivation,respectively.ABO and RhD blood group typing were performed after inactivation.The hemolysis,recovery rate of RBC and blood group typing results after inactivation were observed.2)41 successive blood samples(5 mL each)from blood recipients in our hospital were selected,and each was divided into two eliquots,one for methylene blue photoinactivation(the experimental group),the other without any treatment(the control group).The blood group antigen strength,antibody titer to blood group and results of 3 pre-transfusion trails between two groups were compared.Results 1)The hemolysis after hloroquine diphosphate and methylene blue photoinactivation were not obvious,whereas hemolysis after pasteurization was serious.RBCs after pasteurization were nontypable as they were agglutinating,while RBCs treated by the other two methods were not affected.2)theχ~2±s value of blood group antigen strength and antibody titer to blood group in the experimental group and control group were 63.68±7.57 vs 62.33±8.53 and 48.83±8.56 vs 50.23±9.11.No significant difference was notable in the results of 3 pre-transfusion trails between two goups(P>0.05).Conclusion Methylene blue photoinactivation affects little on the pre-transfusion testing for clinical blood samples,which may be applied in the epidemic period to reduce the staff exposure to blood samples.

关 键 词：病毒灭活 血液标本 亚甲蓝光化学法 输血前试验 血液标本感染 

分 类 号：R187[医药卫生—流行病学] R457.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]