干热岩耐高温钻井液的研究进展与发展趋势  

Research progress and development trend of high‑temperature drilling fluid in hor dry rock

作　　者：刘畅 冉恒谦[1] 许洁[1] LIU Chang;RAN Hengqian;XU Jie(Institute of Exploration Techniques,CAGS,Langfang Hebei 065000,China;China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所,河北廊坊065000 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083

出　　处：《钻探工程》2021年第2期8-15,共8页Drilling Engineering

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目“共和盆地恰卜恰干热岩试验性开发与评价(中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所)”(编号:DD20190136)。

摘　　要：在如今传统能源储量日益减少的趋势下,干热岩这类新型地热资源的开发显得尤为重要,而干热岩钻井由于其井下的超高温环境,对传统钻井液系统提出了非常严格的要求。传统钻井液在高温作用下滤失量大大增加,钻井液开始增稠,普通的辅助添加剂往往不能发挥出功效。常用的以“三磺材料”为核心的钻井液虽然具有令人满意的耐温效果,但因其含有大量有毒物质,污染程度十分严重,需要开发新的环保型耐高温钻井液体系。国外干热岩项目早于国内30余年,拥有很多重要的耐高温钻井液经验与技术;作为刚起步的国内干热岩研究,也有着青海“共和盆地恰不恰干热岩”这样十分重要的项目工程。本文首先介绍了当前干热岩钻井概况以及对钻井液的性能要求,并结合国内外学者对耐高温钻井液与环保钻井液的研究进展,了解其配方组分与设计思路,结合干热岩特点探讨干热岩耐高温钻井液发展趋势,旨在为干热岩钻井液技术研究提供支持。With decline in traditional energy reserves,the development of new geothermal resources such as hot dry rock is particularly important.The requirements of hot dry rock drilling are very demanding for traditional drilling fluid systems due to ultra⁃high temperature downhole environment.Filtration loss of traditional drilling fluids increases greatly at high temperature,and common additives often cannot perform well.Although common drilling fluids based on“three sulfonate materials”have satisfactory temperature resistance,they contain a large amount of toxic substance,leading to serious pollution;therefore,it is necessary to develop a new environment⁃friendly drilling fluid system with high temperature resistance.Research on hot dry rock in foreign countries is more than 30 years earlier than that in China,and very important experience and technology has been obtained on high temperature resistant drilling fluids.Though domestic research on hot dry rock just started,a very important research project“Qinghai Gonghe Basin Qiapuqia Hot Dry Rock Project”has already been initiated.This article introduces the current situation of hot dry rock drilling and the performance requirements for drilling fluids,explains their components and design approaches in light of the research progress of domestic and foreign scholars on high temperature resistant drilling fluids and environmentally friendly drilling fluids,and discuss the development trend of hot dry rock high temperature resistant drilling fluids in reference to the characteristics of hot dry rocks so as to provide support for the research of hot dry rock drilling fluid technology.

关 键 词：干热岩 耐高温钻井液 环保型钻井液 

分 类 号：P634.6[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] TE254[天文地球—地质学]