2020年7月4-10日长江流域极端强降雨过程MCS活动特征分析  

Analysis of MCS activity characteristics during extreme heavy rainfall in the Yangtze River Basin from July 4 to 10,2020

作　　者：张夕迪 沈文强 杨舒楠 张恒德 韩冰[6] ZHANG Xidi;SHEN Wenqiang;YANG Shunan;ZHANG Hengde;HAN Bing(National Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210044;CMA-HHU Joint Laboratory for Hydro-Meteorological Studies,Beijing 100081;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai,519082;Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory,Hangzhou 310051;Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory,Harbin 150030)

机构地区：[1]国家气象中心,北京100081 [2]南京大学大气科学学院,南京210044 [3]中国气象局-河海大学水文气象研究联合实验室,北京100081 [4]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),珠海519082 [5]浙江省气象台,杭州310051 [6]黑龙江省气象台,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2020年第6期593-602,共10页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1505704,2018YFC1505705);国家气象中心预报员专项(Y201901);中国气象局暴雨预报专家创新团队专项(CMACXTD002-3)

摘　　要：2020年7月4-10日长江流域出现了一次极端强降雨过程。本文利用高时空分辨率的风云四号A星相当黑体温度(TBB)数据和中国地面与CMORPH融合逐小时降水产品,基于面积重叠法的对流自动识别追踪方法将本次过程长江流域二级地形及以东区域(105°-125°E,25°-35°N)生成的中尺度对流系统(MCS)进行识别、追踪和分类,并研究了西部、东部和东移MCS的时空分布特征和物理量参数特征。结果表明,西部MCS生成数量有明显增多的变化趋势,东部MCS生成数量始终变化不大,东移MCS主要发生在5-6日。西部和东部MCS的初生峰值一般出现在午后和凌晨,而东移MCS主要发生在凌晨。东移MCS比西部MCS的生成位置更偏东,更有利于东移影响下游地区。相比于西部和东部MCS,东移MCS的最低亮温更低、降雨强度更大、生命史更长、对流发展更为迅速、降雨面积和对流云面积都更大,移动路径更长,影响范围更广,表明东移MCS的对流发展更为旺盛。同时,随着生命史的增加,MαCS数量越来越多,而MβCS数量逐渐减少。During July 4 to 10,an extreme heavy rainfall occurred in the Yangtze River Basin.By using high temporal and spatial resolution FY-4A blackbody temperature(TBB)data and the China hourly merged precipitation analysis combining observations from automatic weath⁃er stations with CMORPH products,an automatic identification and tracking method of convection is applied to analyze the identification,tracking and classification of the mesoscale convective system(MCS)in the secondary terrain and the east region(105°-125°E,25°-35°N)in Yangtze river basin.The western,eastern and east-moving types of MCS are classified,and their spatial and temporal distribution charac⁃teristics and the physical parameters are studied.Results showed that the number of MCS generated in the western region increased signifi⁃cantly,remain unchanged in the eastern region,and occurred mostly in the east-moving type in July 5 to 6.The initiation peak of western and eastern types generally occurs in the afternoon and early morning,while the east-moving type mainly occurs in the early morning.The east-moving type is more easterly than that of the western type MCS,which is more favorable for east moving to affect the downstream area.Compared with western and eastern type MCS,lower TBB,greater rainfall intensity,longer life duration,more rapidly development,larger rainfall area and convective cloud area,longer moving path and wider influence range are presented in east-moving MCS,indicating that the east-moving MCS is more vigorous.Meanwhile,with the increase of life duration,the number of MαCS increases,while the number of MβCS decreases gradually.

关 键 词：长江流域 中尺度对流系统 时空分布 物理量特征 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]