湖北省2020年“6·27”特大暴雨过程闪电与降水关系分析  

Analysis of relationship between lightning and rainfall during“6·27”super rainstorm of Hubei Province in 2020

作　　者：成勤 张科杰[2] 夏羽 刘俊 汤淼 CHENG Qin;ZHANG Kejie;XIA Yu;LIU Jun;TANG Miao(Yichang Weather Bureau of Hubei Province,Yichang 443000;Hubei Lightning Protection Center,Wuhan 430074)

机构地区：[1]湖北省宜昌市气象局,宜昌443000 [2]湖北省防雷中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2020年第6期620-628,共9页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：湖北省气象局科技发展基金项目(2020J02);中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2020-084);湖北省防雷中心科技项目(FL-Y-2019008);三峡库区局地气候监测系统维持-宜昌立体剖面保障项目(SK2019027)。

摘　　要：利用闪电和降水等资料,分析了2020年湖北省"6·27"特大暴雨过程闪电与降水活动特征,探究闪电与强降水的关系,得出以下结论:本次过程以负闪为主,但正闪比例明显高于统计值;降水开始和结束阶段正闪较活跃,强降水时段负闪活动剧烈;闪电落区主要在850 hPa暖式切变线尾部的南侧与低空急流出口区之间,700 hPa与850 hPa暖式切变线尾部之间,低空急流、超低空急流出口区左侧2个经距内;闪电与强降水空间分布有较好的一致性,闪电主要落区与累积降水量50 mm以上的降水区域基本一致,闪电密集区与40 mm·h^(-1)以上的短时强降水区域一致性好;闪电落区主要位于强降水的中心和移动方向一侧,负闪对应较强的降水,云团边缘正闪比例有所增加;闪电频数和负闪比例与短时强降水时间变化趋势存在一致性,不同类型降水云团的闪电频数峰值可能提前或者滞后于降水量峰值出现。Lightning and precipitation data were used to analyze the lightning and rainfall characteristics during“6·27”super rainstorm of Hubei Province in 2020.The results showed that lightning in this rainfall event is dominated by negative lightning,although proportion of positive lightning was higher than statistical value.Positive lightning had active phases at the beginning and end of heavy rainfall,while nega⁃tive lightning became active when heavy rainfall emerged.Lightning concentrated regions are located on the southern area of 850 hPa warm shear which was the exit region of low-level jet.High frequency regions were areas between the end of 700 hPa and 850 hPa warm shear line or the left of low and ultra-low jet flow.The area of lightning and rainfall had obvious corresponding relation.That is,high frequency regions and areas with rainfall higher than 50 mm were almost coincided.Lightning concentrated regions were almost coincident with areas with rain⁃fall higher than 40 mm·h-1.Lightning concentrated regions located at the center and leading edge of intense precipitation,negative lightning corresponded with relatively strong rainfall,and proportion of positive lightning increased on the edge of storms.Lightning frequency had a consistent trend with rainfall,and the peak of lightning might be either ahead or behind rainfall maxima in different storms.

关 键 词：闪电密集区 强降水 闪电频数 负闪比例 

分 类 号：P427.32[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]