不同改良材料对灌漠土微生物量磷及生物有效性的影响  

Effects of different improved soil supplements on microbial biomass phosphorus and bioavailability in irrigated desert soil

作　　者：谭雅茹 张育林 王旭东 TAN Yaru;ZHANG Yulin;WANG Xudong(College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University/Key Lab of Plant Nutrition andthe Agri-environment in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2020年第6期98-104,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200405)。

摘　　要：通过培养和盆栽试验,向灌漠土土壤中加入等量磷和不同添加比例的硫磺S(0.05%、0.15%、0.45%)、生物菌肥B(0.25%、0.50%、1.00%)、有机肥OM(0.50%、1.00%、2.00%)和小麦秸秆WS(1.00%、2.00%、4.00%),研究不同改良材料配施磷肥土壤微生物量磷的变化特征,及其与Olsen P、小麦吸磷量之间的关系。结果表明,添加不同改良材料处理的土壤微生物量磷含量均显著高于对照(不添加改良材料),且随着添加比例的增大而增加。在第16天时,各处理土壤微生物量磷含量达到最大值,OM2.00、B1.00、WS4.00和S0.45处理分别较对照显著增加了34.66%、34.52%、28.19%和23.89%;经过30 d的培养,硫磺、生物菌肥、有机肥和小麦秸秆处理的土壤微生物量磷含量较对照分别增加了19.51%、43.08%、47.92%和41.68%。在一定范围内(Olsen P约90 mg·kg^-1),土壤微生物量磷随土壤Olsen P提高而增加。在培养的第16天和第30天时,小麦植株吸磷量也与土壤微生物量磷存在极显著的相关关系。总体看来,有机肥或生物菌肥配合磷肥施用于灌漠土能促进土壤微生物量磷的增加,提高磷的生物有效性,对于灌漠土磷素高效利用具有重要意义。With incubation and pot experiments,an irrigated desert soil was amended with equal amount of phosphorus(P),sulfur(0.05%,0.15%,and 0.45%),biological fertilizer(0.25%,0.50%,and 1.00%),organic fertilizer(0.50%,1.00%,and 2.00%),and wheat straw(1.00%,2.00%,and 4.00%).The purpose was to investigate the change patterns of soil microbial biomass P and Olsen P as well as their relationships with P uptake by wheat.The results showed that the content of soil microbial biomass P was significantly higher in the soil treated with different modified supplements than that with control(sole P application),and increased with increasing the proportion of addition.At 16 days,the soil microbial biomass P content reached the maximum value.Treatment OM2.00,B1.00,WS4.00,and S0.45 increased by 34.66%,34.52%,28.19%,and 23.89%,respectively.When soil Olsen P was lower than 90 mg·kg^-1,soil microbial biomass P increased with the increase in soil Olsen P.At the 16th and 30th day of culture,the P uptake of wheat plants was also significantly correlated with soil microbial biomass P.In general,the application of P fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer or biological fertilizer promoted microbial biomass P,and improved the bioavailability of P.It is of great significance for the efficient utilization of P in irrigated desert soil.

关 键 词：微生物量磷 改良材料 小麦吸磷量 灌漠土 河西走廊 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学] S153.61[农业科学—农业基础科学]