生物炭与腐殖酸配施对盐碱土理化性质的影响  

Effect of biochar and humic acid on physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soil

作　　者：韩剑宏[1] 孙一博 张连科[1] 王维大[1] 李玉梅[1] 孙鹏[1] HAN Jianhong;SUN Yibo;ZHANG Lianke;WANG Weida;LI Yumei;SUN Peng(School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014010, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2020年第6期121-127,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目“秸秆污泥生物炭对内蒙古沿黄滩地盐碱地土壤肥力的影响”(2016MS0405);包头市科技局项目“生物炭对盐碱地改良效果试验研究”(2016X1021)。

摘　　要：为探索新型盐碱化土壤改良剂,选取玉米秸秆、葵花秸秆制成生物炭与腐殖酸配合,研究玉米秸秆生物炭(A)、混合秸秆生物炭(A1)、腐殖酸(B)、玉米秸秆生物炭+腐殖酸(AB)、混合秸秆生物炭+腐殖酸(A1B)5种改良剂与土壤混合后较对照组原土(CK)中盐碱指标、肥力指标的改善情况。结果表明:生物炭和腐殖酸都具有改良土壤盐碱性、提高土壤肥力的作用,二者联合配施对降低土壤pH、电导率(EC)、碱化度(ESP)及提高土壤养分的效果更明显,其中混合生物炭与腐殖酸配施(A1B)效果最好,A1B组处理的土壤pH较CK组显著降低10.8%,EC下降55%,ESP降低9.8%;速效钾、有效磷、速效氮及有机质的平均增幅较其他4个处理分别提升59.77%、210%、178%、180%。综上所述,混合施用生物炭及腐殖酸对于改良盐碱土效果明显。In order to explore a new type of saline-alkali soil amendment,corn and sunflower straws were selected to make biochar and humic acid.Five amendment types including corn straw biochar(A),mixed straw biochar(A1),humic acid(B),corn straw biochar+humic acid(AB),mixed straw biochar+humic acid(A1B),were mixed with the soil and also the original soil as CK.Then,the improvement of medium saline-alkali index and fertility index were evaluated.The results showed that both biochar and humic acid improved soil salinity and fertility.The combined application of biochar and humic acid had more obvious effects on soil pH,electrical conductivity(EC),exchangeable sodium percentage(ESP),and soil nutrients.The effect of mixed biochar and humic acid(A1B)was the best.Compared with CK group,the soil pH of A1B group significantly decreased by 10.8%,while the EC decreased by 55.0%,and ESP decreased by 9.8%.The available K,P,N,and organic matter of A1B increased by 59.77%,210%,178%,and 180%,respectively.In summary,mixed application of biochar and humic acid had a significant effect on improving saline-alkali soil.

关 键 词：生物炭 腐殖酸 盐碱土 土壤理化性质 配施 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学] S155.293[农业科学—农业基础科学]