掺氨燃料在四冲程内燃机中的排放特性  

Emission characteristics of ammonia blended fuel in four-stroke internal combustion engine

作　　者：楚育纯 周梅 王兆林 陈锦 胡晓慧 郑淞生 CHU Yuchun;ZHOU Mei;WANG Zhaolin;CHEN Jin;HU Xiaohui;ZHENG Songsheng(College of Energy,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学能源学院,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期50-57,共8页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21875199);福建省科技计划项目(2018H61010039)。

摘　　要：为了实现直接利用氨作为发动机燃料以降低污染物排放的目标,对氨-丙烷双燃料在往复式四冲程发动机中的排放产物进行了实验研究,测试了不同功率、不同燃料比下发动机的运行状态参数,包括发动机经济性指标、起燃的可靠性、输出功率以及排放参数,实现了掺氨燃料发动机的稳定运行;同时依据文献数据对比了氨-汽油、氨-柴油双燃料燃烧的排放特性.实验结果表明,氨作为燃料的经济性优于丙烷,而且掺氨可以改善丙烷的燃料经济性.丙烷作为助燃剂时的CO_(2)排放与柴油的相比更低,而且掺氨比达到30%时可以减少丙烷47%~55%的CO_(2)排放.丙烷掺氨燃烧时的碳氢化合物(HC)排放水平较汽油、柴油掺氨燃烧的更高,但掺氨可以显著减少丙烷的HC排放;此外,掺氨会使丙烷的NO排放水平增高,但仍低于柴油的NO排放.The exhaust emissions of four-stroke internal combustion engine(ICE)using ammonia blended fuel were investigated experimentally.The performance of the engine under different powers and fuel ratios were experimentally tested,including brake specific energy consumption(BSEC),power output and emission characteristics.It is observed that the engine can operate stably at extremely low loads using ammonia fuel.The emission characteristics of ammonia-gasoline and ammonia-diesel dual-fuel combustion were compared based on literature data.The results indicate that compared to propane,ammonia can generate the same power with less fuel consumption.Blending ammonia into propane can decrease the BSEC of propane.The CO_(2)emission using ammonia-propane is lower than those from ammonia-gasoline and ammonia-diesel.Ammonia can reduce CO_(2) emission from propane combustion by 47%-55%,when ammonia blending ratio reaches 30%.The hydrocarbon(HC)emission level of propane blended with ammonia is higher than that of gasoline and diesel blended with ammonia,but the HC emission of propane can be significantly reduced by adding ammonia.Though the NO emission increases with the increase of the ammonia ratio,it's still lower than otherwise using diesel as the mere fuel.

关 键 词：掺氨燃料 内燃机 排放特性 

分 类 号：TK428.9[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]