《无影人》中记忆伦理的认知悖论  

Ethical paradox of memory ethics in The Man without a Shadow

作　　者：刘晓燕 LIU Xiaoyan(School of Foreign Languages,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学外国语学院,湖北省武汉市430056

出　　处：《外文研究》2020年第4期41-46,104,105,共8页Foreign Studies

基　　金：湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究指导性项目“欧茨新传记小说的施为研究”(19G035);湖北省教育科学规划项目“文化治理视野下在线课程中主体自治的方法与路径研究”(2020GB019)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：欧茨2016年出版的小说《无影人》中通过记忆阐释的三个意向层次:失忆症患者自身记忆伦理的困境,认知心理学家对其记忆的阐释,以及认知心理学家对其阐释本身的伦理思考;在层层递进的元认知书写中再现了记忆的根源无法阐释,以及记忆阐释生产力的无效性和记忆阐释伦理取位的荒诞性等认知悖论;并通过三个意向层次之间错综复杂的交叉来消解读者记忆阐释的生产力,最终形成四个意向层次。因此,欧茨通过四个意向层次的元认知书写,展现了记忆自身的神秘性、记忆阐释的主观臆断性以及阐释者的伦理悖论对于记忆阐释的消解,从而将记忆阐释的思考推向了记忆本身的伦理思考———记忆的建构、流动与生成的特征正是当今世界本质的反映。Joyce Carol Oates,in her novel The Man without a Shadow published in 2016,presents the unexplained essence of the memory,the inefficiency of the productivity of memory interpre⁃tation and the absurdity of the ethical position of memory interpretation in the progressive metacognitive writing by the three intentional level of memory interpretation:the dilemma of memory ethics of patient suffering from amnesia,the interpretation of memory by cognitive psychologists,and the ethical thinking of memory interpreting itself by cognitive psychologists.The intricate crossovers among these intentional levels disintegrate the productivity of the reader's memory in⁃terpretation,and finally form four intentional levels.Therefore,Oates demonstrates the mystery of memory itself,the subjective assumptions of memory interpretation,and the disintegration of memory interpretation by the interpreter's ethical paradox through the meta⁃cognitive writing of the four intentional levels,thus pushing the thinking of memory interpretation to the ethical thinking about memory itself:the characteristics of the construction,flow and generation of memory are just the reflections of the nature of the world today.

关 键 词：无影人 记忆阐释 多重意向性 记忆伦理 认知悖论 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]