冷指尺寸对超高频微型脉冲管制冷机性能的影响分析  

Analysis of the Influence of Cold Finger Size on the Performance of High Frequency Miniature Pulse Tube Cryocooler

作　　者：高敏 周峰[1] 冯天石 梁孟麟 唐清君 陈厚磊[2] GAO Min;ZHOU Feng;FENG Tianshi;LIANG Menglin;TANG Qingjun;CHEN Houlei(College of Environmental and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,CAS,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100124 [2]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《真空与低温》2021年第1期94-99,共6页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：科工局民用航天项目(D040104)。

摘　　要：冷指是脉冲管制冷机的重要部件,其尺寸大小决定压缩机乃至制冷机整机的尺寸,其内部的功热转换效率和损失等会对制冷机的性能产生显著的影响。为满足脉冲管制冷机微型化的需求,必须提高制冷机频率、减小冷指尺寸,而冷指尺寸的缩小又会影响制冷机的性能。为了掌握冷指尺寸对制冷机性能的影响规律,利用SAGE软件对运行频率为130 Hz,直径为8~9 mm的微型同轴脉冲管冷指进行理论建模与数值计算,得到了超高频脉冲管制冷机性能随冷指尺寸的变化规律。在计算工况范围内,蓄冷器直径9 mm、长度40 mm、脉冲管直径4.3 mm的超高频微型脉冲管制冷机性能最优,且能够在20 W输入电功率条件下,提供0.64 W@80 K的制冷量。Cold finger is an important part of the pulse tube cryocooler whose size can affect the size of the compressor and the cryocooler.The conversion efficiency and internal loss of the cold finger also have a significant impact on the performance of the cryocooler.In order to minimize the pulse tube cryocooler,it’s necessary to increase the frequency and reduce the size of the cold finger,which will have an impact on the performance of the cryocooler.To figure out how the size of the cold finger affects the performance of the cryocooler,modeling and simulation of high frequency pulse tube cryocooler was performed by SAGE software.The cryocooler was operated at 130 Hz with the cold finger diameter varies from 8 mm to 9 mm.By analyzing the results of calculation,the change rule of the performance of the high frequency pulse tube cryocooler with the size of the cold finger was obtained.The high frequency miniature pulse tube cryocooler with a diameter of 9 mm,a length of 40 mm and a pulse tube diameter of 4.3 mm had the best performance,which can provide a 0.64 W@80 K cooling capacity with 20 Welectric power input.

关 键 词：脉冲管制冷机 超高频 微型 蓄冷器 冷指 

分 类 号：TB651.4[一般工业技术—制冷工程]