种植密度对重庆地区玉米产量及茎秆强度的影响  

The effect of Different Planting Density on Maize Yield and Stalk Strength in Chongqing

作　　者：李鸿 周茂林[1] 李晔[1] 蒋志成[1] 冯定明 LI Hong;ZHOU Maolin;LI Ye;JIANG Zhicheng;FENG Dingming(Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 401329,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院,重庆401329

出　　处：《作物研究》2021年第1期22-27,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD030030703,2018YFD0200707)。

摘　　要：为探究宜机收玉米在重庆阴湿寡照环境下的适宜种植密度,实现玉米高产、高效,以渝单30和先玉1171为材料,在30000、45000、60000、75000、90000、105000株/hm^2 6个密度下比较种植密度对不同株型玉米产量及茎秆强度的影响。结果表明,两种类型的玉米品种均随种植密度增加,植株倒伏率、倒折率上升,而植株茎秆强度、含氮量、叶绿素含量均降低,茎秆强度与植株倒伏具有一定相关性。平展型春玉米品种渝单30籽粒产量随种植密度增加表现先增后降趋势,耐密型品种先玉1171籽粒产量随密度增加而增加。综合产量与抗倒伏性,渝单30和先玉1171的适宜密度分别为60000~75000株/hm^2与75000~90000株/hm^2。The main objective of this research was to analyze the effects of plant population on the yield and stalk strength of maize suitable for machine harvesting,inovder to achieve high yield and high efficiency of maize.Field experiments were conducted in Chongqing under the shade and moisture conditions.Two corn hybrids Yudan 30,Xianyu 1171 were cultivated at 30000,45000,60000,75000,90000,105000 plants/hm^2.The results indicated that the plant folding rates and lodging rates increased with the increase of plant density in both two maize varieties,but the chlorophyll contents,leaf total nitrogen and stalk strength decreased in single plant.There was a certain relativity between stem strength and plant lodging.The grain yield of spring maize Yudan 30 increased at first and then decreased as the planting density increased,while the grain yield of dense-tolerant variety Xianyu 1171 developed with planting density accumulated.It suggested that available planting density of Yudan 3060000-75000 plants/hm^2 and Xianyu 117175000-90000 plants/hm^2 could lead to high yield and low lodging rate in Chongqing.

关 键 词：玉米 种植密度 产量 茎秆强度 

分 类 号：S513.048[农业科学—作物学]