越南南部华人文化传播与变迁:明月居士林  

The Transmission and Adaptation of Ethnic Chinese Culture in Vietnam:Case Study of Minh Nguyet Cu Si Lam

作　　者：阮玉诗 黄黄波 Nguyěn Ngoc Tho;Huynh Hoang Ba

机构地区：[1]越南胡志明市国家大学社会科学与人文大学校文化学系 [2]不详

出　　处：《海洋史研究》2020年第2期325-340,共16页Studies of Maritime History

基　　金：越南胡志明市国家大学(VNU-HCM)提供资金支持(拨款编号B2019-18b-01)。

摘　　要：越南明月居士林(Minh Nguyet cu si lam,又称明月善社)是潮州华人的宗教派别,它综合了中国佛教、道教、民间信仰、日本密宗佛教和纯越南净土宗佛教。目前,越南明月居士林在胡志明市、芹苴市(Can Tho)、沙沥市(Sa Dec)、朔庄市(Soc Trang)、博廖市(thanh pho Bac Lieu)、金瓯市(Ca Mau)和大叻市(Da Lat)均有场所。越南明月居士林在多元文化背景下被引入和发展,1954年注册为佛教的一部分。作为中国文化的外延,明月善社(明月居士林的前身)在动荡战乱的年代中兴起、发展和传播,随华人移民传入越南。越南的明月居士林必须佛教化,以便在保持宗教形式的情况下得到承认和发展。另外,伴随移民,越南明月居士林在20世纪80年代传播到加拿大、美国和澳大利亚,形成了一个跨国网络。Minh Nguyet cu si lam(pinyin:Mingyue Jushilin)is a Chaozhou Chinese sect,called“Mingyue Shanshe”in China,which syncretizes Chinese Buddhism,Taoism,folk beliefs,Japanese Tantric Buddhism and Vietnamese Pure Land Buddhism.Currently,Vietnam s Minh Nguyet cu si lam has locations in Ho Chi Minh City,Can Tho,Sa Dec,Soc Trang,Bac Lieu,Ca Mau and Da Lat(Southern Vietnam).It was introduced and developed in a multicultural context and was registered as part of Buddhism in Vietnam since 1954.With the status of the peripheral factions of Chinese civilization,Mingyue Shanshe thrived in the turbulent war in China in the early twentieth century,developed and spread,and was introduced into Vietnam during the flows of Chinese immigrants.In Vietnam,Minh Nguyet cu si lam moves towards Buddhism in order to be recognized and promoted in the form of a Buddhist sect.In addition,laymen of Minh Nguyet cu si lam heading to Canada,the United States and Australia in the 1980s have formed a multinational network.Then,compared with China s Mingyue Shanshe,why does Vietnam s Minh Nguyet cu si lam insist on maintaining the nature of Buddhism?Is it worthwhile to register as an ethnic Chinese Buddhist sect in Vietnam so that the local Chaozhou communities can attain both the goals of protecting and maintaining the characteristics of“Chineseness”and striving for a better local integration?Currently,Japanese scholar,Serizawa Zhiguang,and Chinese scholar,Chen Jingxi,have made historical research and preliminary field work on the source of inheritance and development of Mingyue Shanshe in China and Minh Nguyet cu si lam in Vietnam.By applying two main methods:(1)literature research(mainly for the works of Serizawa and Chen Jingxi)and(2)field trips(south of Vietnam),this article aims to study the formation and development of the Minh Nguyet cu si lam in Vietnam with a focus on its transmission and adaptation processes.The study finds out that Minh Nguyet cu si lam s attachment to Buddhism in Vietnam has significantly empowered the sect to take

关 键 词：宗教派别 净土宗 越南南部 民间信仰 佛教化 跨国网络 华人移民 华人文化 

分 类 号：K333[历史地理—历史学] B949.333[历史地理—世界史]