北疆典型土壤纵向弥散系数试验  

Experimental Study on Longitudinal Dispersion Coefficient of Typical Soil in Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：虎胆·吐马尔白 穆丽德尔·托伙加[2] 朱珠 Hudan Tumaerbai;Mulideer Tuohuojia;ZHU Zhu(Key Laboratory of Water Science and Engineering, Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China;College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程重点实验室,南京210029 [2]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2021年第1期151-158,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室“干旱绿洲连作滴灌棉田根系层盐分类累积效应与控盐模式研究”(2018nkms02);塔里木河流域管理局课题“新疆阿克苏河流域平原灌区核桃及红枣需水量研究”(TGJAKSJJG-2019KYXM0001)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同土壤质地对土壤纵向弥散系数和弥散度的影响。【方法】根据土壤物理学及水动力弥散理论,以新疆北疆较为常见的典型砂壤土、粉壤土、壤土为例,NaCI为示踪剂,采用室内一维土柱垂直入渗试验测定纵向弥散系数。【结果】不同土壤质地,渗流速度越小弥散系数越小,渗流流速越大,达到土壤溶质浓度峰值的时间越短,且峰值浓度越大。砂壤土渗流速为0.020 cm/min,纵向弥散度为2.88 cm;粉壤土渗流速度为0.0181 cm/min,纵向弥散度为3.85 cm;壤土渗流速度为0.011 cm/min最小,纵向弥散度为2.44 cm。【结论】弥散系数和弥散度取决于土壤质地类型与渗流流速。【Objective】In order to explore the effect of different soil texture on soil longitudinal dispersion coefficient and dispersion degree.【Method】According to the soil physics and hydrodynamic dispersion theory,typical sandy loam,silty loam and loam in northern xinjiang were taken as examples.NaCI was used as tracer and the longitudinal dispersion coefficient of one-dimensional vertical infiltration test was carried out in the laboratory.【Result】Because of the coarse texture of sandy loam,soil compactness is not big,the liquid is easy to diffuse.The smaller the seepage velocity,the smaller the dispersion coefficient,and the larger the seepage velocity,the shorter the time to reach the peak of soil solute concentration,and the larger the peak concentration,and the smaller the vice versa.The seepage velocity of sandy loam was 0.020 cm/min,and the longitudinal dispersion degree was 2.88 cm.The silty loam was 0.018,1 cm/min and the longitudinal dispersion degree was 3.85 cm.The loam seepage velocity was the smallest at 0.011 cm/min,and the longitudinal dispersion degree was 2.44 cm.【Conclusion】The results show that the dispersion coefficient depends on soil texture type and seepage velocity.

关 键 词：典型土壤 盐分运移 纵向弥散系数 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]