铁路集装箱轻重货物混合平衡装载研究  

Research on Mixed and Balanced Loading of Light and Heavy Cargo in Railway Container

作　　者：雷定猷[1,2] 闫红莹 洪舒华 张英贵[1,2] LEI Dingyou;YAN Hongying;HONG Shuhua;ZHANG Yinggui(School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China;Smart Transportion Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学智慧交通湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道学报》2021年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71771218,71971220);中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费(2018zzts513)。

摘　　要：集装箱的混合平衡装载是指将重量、密度差别较大的轻重货物混合装入同一集装箱中,且满足负载平衡约束,实现平衡装载的问题,它是集装箱装载布局问题的子类,其研究对保障装运安全、提升作业效率、减少运输成本和能源消耗等各方面都有重要意义。负载平衡是集装箱装运最基本的约束之一,但在混装轻、重型货物时不易实现,如何精准量化负载平衡,确保轻重货物装载平衡值得探索和研究。统筹考虑负载平衡、装载位置、放置方式等限制条件,将轻重货物作为对象,构建平衡装载模型,并设计算法求解。结果显示:创建的模型和求解算法可以确保集装箱装入货物后的容积利用率不小于90%,并且有95%以上的概率达到负载平衡要求。The container mixed balanced loading problem refers to the problem of mixing light and heavy cargo with large differences in weight and density into the same container,meeting the load balance constraint to achieve balanced loading.It is a sub-category of the container loading layout problem,whose research is of great significance for ensuring loading safety,improving operational efficiency,reducing transportation costs and energy consumption.During container loading,load balance,as one of the most fundamental constraints,can hardly be achieved with mixed loading of light and heavy cargo.It is worth studying how to precisely quantify the load balance and ensure the container balanced loading.In this paper,based on the constraints of loading location,weight,placement of cargo and load balance,the container light and heavy cargo was taken as the research target to build a balanced loading model.Meanwhile,a mixed balanced loading algorithm was designed.The results show that the model and algorithm can ensure that the volume utilization rate of the container loaded with cargo is not less than 90%,in the meantime more than 95%probability to meet the load balance constraint.

关 键 词：集装箱装载 轻重货物 平衡装载 货物单元 

分 类 号：U294.3[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] TP399[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]