不同浓度有机营养液对黄瓜幼苗质量及后期生长的影响  

Effects of Different Concentrations of Organic Nutrient Solution onSeedling Quality and Subsequent Growth of Cucumber

作　　者：王龙 闫征南 杨延杰[1] 徐赛 WANG Long;YAN Zhengnan;YANG Yanjie;XU Sai(College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学园艺学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期26-33,共8页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001901-13);山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GSF109010);山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-05-06);山东省2018年度农业重大应用技术创新项目(6682218040);青岛农业大学高层次人才科研基金(1120098)。

摘　　要：为开发有机营养液,降低育苗成本,实现农业废弃物的循环利用,确定适宜植物生长的有机营养液浓度至关重要。本试验将腐熟香菇渣与鸡粪按体积比3∶1混匀做浸提原液,再将浸提原液与水按照体积进行配比,设T1(1∶2.5)、T2(1∶5)、T3(1∶10)、T4(1∶15)、T5(1∶20)、CK(对照,Hoagland营养液)6个处理,以探究不同浓度有机营养液对黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)幼苗质量及定植后生长的影响。结果表明:随着有机营养液浓度的降低,黄瓜幼苗的株高、茎粗、生物量、壮苗指数、光合色素含量、过氧化氢酶活性呈先上升后降低的趋势,稀释浓度较高或较低的处理均显著降低了黄瓜幼苗的干鲜重、壮苗指数、光合色素含量等指标。T3处理可培育黄瓜壮苗,其壮苗指数与CK无显著差异,而其他处理与CK相比都降低,T1、T5降低达显著水平。T3处理的黄瓜幼苗定植后,植株的株高、茎粗、净光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm、Fv′/Fm′均显著高于其他处理,且与CK相比无显著差异;T3处理的黄瓜幼苗上叶的净光合速率比T1、T5分别升高了20%、10%,第一朵雌花开花节位比T1、T5分别降低了38%、28%,果实前期产量与CK无显著差异。综上所述,T3处理可作为优质液体有机肥应用于黄瓜育苗。Applications of organic nutrient solution can reduce the cost of seedling cultivation,and revitalize the cyclic utilization of agricultural waste.However the suitable concentration of organic nutrient solution for plant growth remains to be investigated.In this experiment,the rotten mushroom residue and chicken manure were mixed with a volume ratio of 3∶1 to make the extracts solution.Six treatments were used according to different fold diluted water solution of the extracts.The treatments were T1(1∶2.5),T2(1∶5),T3(1∶10),T4(1∶15),T5(1∶20),CK(control,Hoagland nutrient solution),to explore the effects of different organic nutrient solution concentrations on the growth of Cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)seedlings and its subsequent growth after transplanting.The results showed that with the decrease of organic nutrient solution concentration,plant height,stem diameter,biomass,seedling index,photosynthetic pigment content and catalase activity of cucumber seedlings increased first and then decreased,and the dry and fresh weight,strong seedling index and photosynthetic pigment content of cucumber seedlings treated with higher or lower concentration were significantly lower.The treatment of T3 could cultivate high-quality cucumber seedlings,and no significant differences were observed in seedling index between T3 and CK,while other treatments decreased compared with CK,especially,seedling index of cucumber seedlings in T1 and T5 decreased significantly.Plant height,stem diameter,flowering node position of the first female flower,net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm,Fv′/Fm′of cucumber seedlings in T3 treatment were significantly higher than those in other treatments,but no difference compared to CK.Compared with T1 and T5,the net photosynthetic rate of the upper leaves of T3 cucumber seedlings increased by 20%and 10%,respectively.And the flowering node of the first female flower decreased by 38%and 28%,respectively.And there was no obvious difference in early fruit yield betwe

关 键 词：有机营养液 菇渣 黄瓜幼苗 壮苗指数 净光合速率 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]