基于元素分析法评价广州市流溪河水质监测点周边土壤镉、铅、铬、铜、锌、镍生态风险  

Ecological risk assessment of Cd,Pb,Cr,Cu,Zn and Ni in the soil around Liuxi river water quality monitoring station in Guangzhou city based on element analysis

作　　者：胡丹心 熊凡 黄秋鑫[2] 孙秀敏[2] Hu Danxin;Xiong Fan;Huang Qiuxin;Sun Xiumin(Guangzhou City Environmental Monitoring Center,Guangzhou 510006,China;The 5th Electronics Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,CEPREI Environmental Assessment and Monitoring Center,Guangzhou 510610,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市环境监测中心站,广州510006 [2]工业和信息化部电子第五研究所,中国赛宝环境评估与监测中心,广州510610

出　　处：《分析仪器》2021年第1期59-66,共8页Analytical Instrumentation

基　　金：广东省科技计划项,项目号:2016A040403039。

摘　　要：应用电感耦合等离子体质谱和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱两种元素分析法,分析广州市流溪河水质监测点周边土壤中镉、铅、铬、铜、锌、镍的含量及化学形态含量。考察pH值、有机质和阳离子交换量对重金属总量的影响,通过风险评价编码法评价该区域生态风险状态,为掌握研究区周边土壤生态风险及应对提供依据。结果表明,20个点位中,只有锌含量平均值高出广州市背景值5%;1个点位的镉含量超过《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》表1农用地土壤污染风险筛选值1.2倍;探究各重金属可交换态、碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态分布情况,镉主要以可交换态存在,其余5种金属均以铁锰氧化物结合态为主;土壤pH值、有机质和阳离子交换量对重金属总量影响不显著。采用风险评价编码法对现状评价,显示镉迁移系数最高可达95.19%,存在极高风险,应加强土壤和农作物协同监测。The contents and distribution forms of Cd,Pb,Cr,Cu,Zn,Ni were analyzed by ICP-MS and ICP-OES methods.The influences of pH value,organic matter and CEC on the total amount of heavy metals were analyzed.Risk assessment coding method(RAC)was used to assess the ecological risk status of this area.Some conclusions were drawn as follows:(1)The average values of Cd,Pb,Cr,Cu and Ni were lower than the soil background values of Guangzhou city except for that of Zn in twenty samples.(2)The content of Cd in one site was 1.2 times higher than the risk screening values in table 1 of the standard named Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Agricultural Land.(3)Situations of the heavy metals existing in soil were studied,Cd mainly existed in exchangeable fraction state and the other five metals were mainly combined with iron-manganese oxide.(4)The pH value,organic matter and CEC of soil had no significant effect on the total amount of heavy metals.Additionally,the evaluation result of RAC showed that the Cd had high risk because its transport coefficient was up to 95.19%.According to the results,it was necessary to strengthen the collaborative monitoring of soil and crops.

关 键 词：电感耦合等离子体质谱法 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法 重金属 生态风险评价 流溪河 

分 类 号：O652[理学—分析化学] X826[理学—化学] X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]