DNA数据库比对技术在刑事侦查中运用的合宪性问题  

The Technology of DNA Database Comparison and the Constitutional Guarantee of Genetic Information in Criminal Investigation

作　　者：田芳[1] Tian Fang

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院

出　　处：《南大法学》2021年第1期17-29,共13页NanJing University Law Journal

基　　金：司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目“刑法制定和实施中的宪法边界”(项目号15SFB2008)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：DNA数据库比对技术实质上是基因检测技术和大数据处理技术相结合的产物。DNA数据库比对技术可以精确锁定犯罪嫌疑人,由于其强大的证明能力而被广泛地运用于刑事侦查,各国都积极推动DNA数据库的建立。DNA数据库比对技术在维护了社会安全的同时也对公民基因隐私构成极大威胁。如何在技术的运用和隐私权保障之间做出更好的平衡,是DNA比对技术的合宪性争议的中心。廓清了合宪性问题,我们才可以更好地制定相关法律,消弭合宪性问题,在保障公民隐私权的同时也更好地维护社会安全。DNA database comparison is essentially a combination of gene detection technology and big data processing technology.DNA database comparison technology can accurately identify suspects.Because of its strong proof ability,DNA database has been widely used in criminal investigation.All countries actively promote the establishment of DNA database.DNA database comparison technology not only maintains social security,but also poses a great threat to citizens'genetic privacy.How to strike a better balance between the use of technology and the protection of privacy is at the center of the constitutionality controversy over DNA matching technology.By clarifying constitutionality issues,we can better formulate relevant laws to eliminate constitutionality issues,so as to better safeguard social security while protecting citizens'privacy rights.

关 键 词：基因信息隐私 大数据侦查 免于非法搜查 生物安全 

分 类 号：D918.2[政治法律—法学] D911