3种植物次生物质对金银花蚜虫的活性测定及防效评价  

Bioactivity and control efficacy of three plant secondary metabolites to aphids on honeysuckle

作　　者：孙盼盼 李敏[1] 罗孟雄 鞠龙泰 吴雨蒙 李佳[1] SUN Panpan;LI Min;LUO Mengxiong;JU Longtai;WU Yumeng;LI Jia(College of Pharmaceutical Science,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学药学院,济南250355

出　　处：《植物保护》2021年第1期277-281,296,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1701503);山东省重大科技创新工程(2018CXGC0309)。

摘　　要：为明确反式-2-己烯醛、牛至油和百里香油对金银花蚜虫的生物活性及橙皮精油、有机硅对这3种药剂杀蚜活性的增效作用,本研究以金银花蚜虫的优势种胡萝卜微管蚜为试虫,采用浸虫浸叶法和叶面喷雾法进行生物活性测定及防效评价。室内测定结果显示百里香油毒力最高,LC 50为1.793 mg/L,添加橙皮精油、有机硅对供试药剂杀蚜活性均有提高,其中反式-2-己烯醛、牛至油、百里香油与有机硅组合有明显增效作用,毒力系数为1.80、1.48、1.45。田间试验结果表明常规施药后百里香油校正防效最高,施药7 d后3种药剂防治效果均高于对照组;3种药剂减量20%添加有机硅处理施药1 d后防治效果提高约10%,施药4 d后防治效果均高于对照组,施药14 d后防治效果达98%。综上,百里香油对胡萝卜微管蚜的毒力和防治效果最高,3种药剂结合有机硅使用减量增效作用明显,具有进一步开发的潜力。The objective of this study was to clarify the bioactivity of trans-2-hexenal,oregano oil,thyme oil and the synergistic effect of orange peel essential oil and organosilicon on the bioactivity of these compounds to aphids on honeysuckle.The dominant species of the honeysuckle aphid Semiaphis heraclei was used as the test insect,and the bioactivity and the control effect were evaluated by the method of dipping and foliar spraying.The results showed that the toxicity of thyme oil was the highest,with LC 50 value of 1.793 mg/L.Mixing additives with pesticides could significantly increase toxicity to S.heraclei.Among them,trans-2-hexenal+OSi,oregano oil+OSi and thyme oil+OSi had obvious synergistic effect,with the coefficients of toxicity of 1.80,1.48 and 1.45,respectively.Field test showed that the corrected control efficacy of thyme oil was the highest after conventional application,and the toxicities of the three insecticides were higher than that of the control group seven days after treatment.Under the condition of 20%reduction of three insecticides and adding organosilicon,the control efficacy increased by about 10%one day after treatment,which was higher than that of the control group four days after treatment,and reached to 98%10 days after treatment.To sum up,thyme oil has the highest toxicity and control effect on S.heraclei.Application of three insecticides combined with organosilicon has obvious pesticide reduction and synergistic effect,which has potential for further development.

关 键 词：金银花 胡萝卜微管蚜 植物次生物质 农药助剂 

分 类 号：S435.677[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]