双尾管脉冲发动机的工作特性  

Experimental study on the working characteristics of pulse⁃jet engine with twin exhaust pipe

作　　者：余兵 许林云[1] 陈青[1] 周宏平[1] 刘键 YU Bing;XU Linyun;CHEN Qing;ZHOU Hongping;LIU Jian(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京210037

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2021年第1期127-135,共9页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0600202-04)。

摘　　要：为了系统探究双尾管脉冲发动机的工作特性,自行设计了功率为30 kW的Helmholtz型双尾管脉冲发动机,建立了脉冲发动机燃烧室内气流压力、温度及燃油消耗率的测试系统。分析研究了油门开度对燃烧室内气流压力特性、温度以及发动机工作频率相互之间的影响关系。试验结果表明,随着油门开度加大,燃油消耗率在1~4油门开度下显著增加,燃烧室压力幅值大致呈先减后增趋势,并在3油门开度下达到最小;燃烧室温度以及发动机工作频率均先增大后减小,并在3油门开度下达到最大。燃油消耗率与油门开度之间呈线性增长关系,燃烧室内气流温度与脉动频率均与油门开度之间呈现一致的倒U形关系,与气流压力脉动幅值呈现相反的U形关系。即双尾管脉冲发动机脉动燃烧工作所形成的自激振荡耦合关系,对应着燃烧室与尾管内脉动振荡气流的高脉动频率、低压力脉动幅值及高气流温度的相互耦合关系,反之亦然。本研究设计的600,800和1000 mm不同尾管长度条件下的双尾管脉冲发动机均能轻易启动并在1~3油门开度下稳定工作,表明双尾管脉冲发动机具有较好的声学条件,与一定油门开度相匹配,易形成良好的振荡燃烧耦合关系,实现稳定工作。Pulse⁃jet engines have outstanding advantages of high combustion intensity,high thermal efficiency and low pollution,which are widely used in the field of pest control in agriculture and forestry.However,the existing research focuses on the pulse⁃jet engine with a single exhaust pipe and the research on the working characteristics of the twin exhaust pipe pulse⁃jet engine is almost blank,while the twin exhaust pipe pulse⁃jet engine is of great significance for improving the liquid medicine spraying quantity of the fogging machine and the pesticide application efficiency.In or⁃der to systematically explore the working characteristics of twin exhaust pipe pulse⁃jet engine,in this study,the Helm⁃holtz pulse⁃jet Engine with twin exhaust pipes and a power of 30kW was designed,and the measurement system of gas⁃flow pressure,combustor temperature and fuel consumption rate of the pulse⁃jet engine was established.The influ⁃ence of throttle opening on the pressure characteristics,combustor temperature and working frequency of the engine was analyzed.The test results showed that,with the increase of the throttle opening,the fuel consumption rate in⁃creased significantly at the throttle opening of 1-4.The pressure amplitude of the combustion chamber generally de⁃creased at first and then increased,until reached the minimum at the throttle opening of 3.The combustor temperature and the working frequency of the engine both increased at first and then decreased,until reached the maximum at the throttle opening of 3.It was concluded that there was a linear growth relationship between the fuel consumption rate and the throttle opening,and there was a consistent inverted U⁃shaped relationship between the gas⁃flow temperature,pulsation frequency in the combustion chamber and the throttle opening.There also was an opposite U⁃shaped relation⁃ship with the amplitude of the gas⁃flow pressure pulsation.That was to say,the self⁃excited oscillation coupling rela⁃tionship formed by the pulsating comb

关 键 词：双尾管脉冲发动机 油门开度 尾管长度 工作频率 燃油消耗率 工作稳定性 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护]