从敬神恤民到敛财虐民——解说明代的新官到任  

From Honoring the Gods and Protecting the People to Collecting Money and Maltreating Local People:Inauguration of New Local Officials in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：陈士银 CHEN Shi-yin(School of Social Development,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225002,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学社会发展学院,江苏扬州225002

出　　处：《安徽史学》2021年第1期20-27,共8页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“明初礼制变革研究”(20FZSB007)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明初,朱元璋御制《到任须知》,为到任新官提供指南。随后,明廷又将新官到任、复任加以礼制化,包括城外斋戒、入城谒神、望阙谢恩、僚属参见、宴飨父老等环节,旨在敬神恤民。国家层面的礼仪下贯到地方社会后,遭遇世俗化的革易,诸如缩短斋期、铺设银器、聚众看戏等,并由于私人权力的腐蚀而变形,以至于国家礼制的规定沦为敛财虐民的工具。Zhu Yuan-zhang ruled the handbook The Notice of Arrival as guidelines for new local officials in the early Ming Dynasty.The government also ritualized the arrival and reappointment of the new officials to honor the gods and protect the people,such as fasting outside the city,offering sacrifices to gods in the city,thanking for the emperor,meeting colleagues,feasting the elders,etc.There were some new changes in local society in the course of implementing national ritual regulation,such as the shortening of fasting time,displaying silverwares and watching dramas together,etc.As a result of corrosion of private power,the national ritual system of new local officials’inauguration had become a tool for collecting money and abusing people.

关 键 词：新官到任 明代 礼制 世俗 腐化 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]