西方汉学界《品花宝鉴》研究的性别视角  

Gender?Perspective in Western Sinological Research on Pinhua Baojian

作　　者：薛英杰[1] Xue Yingjie

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院

出　　处：《文学与文化》2020年第4期117-128,共12页Literature and Culture Studies

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学规划项目“明清僧人色情故事本事及流变研究”(TJZWQN18-002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(63182016)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着西方明清男风研究的发展,以士伶恋情为主要内容的《品花宝鉴》成为汉学界的热门议题之一。在基督教文化中反同性恋立场的影响下,学者往往难以理解中国古代对待男风的宽容态度,从女色替代品的角度来解释男伶的社会角色;以性别的社会建构论和晚明尚情美学为不同理论资源,学者将男女性别特征的交错现象视为性别流动性的体现,并讨论其是否具有颠覆社会等级秩序的意义;学者还揭示了士伶精神之爱背后的社会权力关系及其所具有的色情感。鉴于《品花宝鉴》与明清性别文化之间的紧密联系,反思女色替代论所存在的问题、考察西方关于性别流动性的研究方法、借鉴西方有关情欲分离现象的分析路径,将对中国大陆学界的明清文学性别研究起到重要的推动作用。Under the influence of western studies of male homoeroticism in late imperial China,notable numbers of western scholars have turned their attention to Pinhua baojian which mainly describes the romance between literati and boy-actors.Because of the influence of Christian-based homophobia,western scholars feel difficult to recognize the social tolerance for male homoeroticism in late imperial China and therefore tend to regard boys as a substitute for women.By adopting different theoretical approaches including the social construction of gender and the aesthetics of qing in late Ming,scholars interpret the crossing of gender characteristics as a reflection of gender fluidity and discuss whether it has the potential to subvert the hierarchical social order.They also investigate the power in the spiritual love between literati and boy-actors as well as its erotic nature.Since Pinhua baojian is an important reflection of sexual culture in late imperial China,we should reflect on the problems of the female-substitution view,examine western scholars’research on gender fluidity and their strategies for analyzing the spiritual love,which will promote the research on gender studies in Ming-Qing literature in China's Mainland.

关 键 词：《品花宝鉴》 男色 性别 西方汉学 

分 类 号：I207.41[文学—中国文学]