宽肩台防波堤稳定性数值模拟方法研究  

Study on numerical simulation of stability of wide shouldered berm breakwater

作　　者：李彦卿[1] 别社安[1] LI Yanqing;BIE Shean(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《海洋通报》2020年第6期740-749,共10页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51021004,51079095)。

摘　　要：宽肩台堆石堤是海岸工程中的一种海堤形式,其以结构简单、施工快捷、布局灵活和造价经济的特点在工程中得到了广泛应用。宽肩台防波堤以堆积块石为主体,在海区波浪作用下达到稳定的堆积结构。进行宽肩台式防波堤稳定性的研究是设计宽肩台防波堤的重要基础。介绍了波浪水槽的光滑粒子动力学(SPH)理论和建立方法,验证了造波结果。提出了一种块石单元法(GEM)模式,以块石单元为独立刚体来模拟宽肩台防波堤上的块石在波浪作用下的受力状态和运动过程。建立了一种垂向二维光滑粒子动力学方法SPH与GEM耦合的波浪和块石模型,采用SPH与GEM相结合,对防波堤堆石孔隙外部的波浪运动和内部的孔隙环流进行模拟计算,并根据Forchheimer公式确定孔隙内部的压力。用SPH方法模拟堆石堤外部流场的波浪破碎压力,用孔隙环流模拟堆石堤内部的孔隙压力。使用耦合模式模拟了宽肩台防波堤孔隙流场,验证了孔隙压力分布。模拟了波浪作用于块石和块石对波浪动力响应过程,给出了静态平衡到动态平衡的流固场变化,模拟结果与物理模型试验结果基本一致。耦合模型的建立为宽肩台堆石堤的稳定性研究提供了理论依据,同时也为同类型工程研究提供了新思路。Wide shouldered berm breakwater is a form of seawall in coastal engineering,with merits of simple structure,quick construction,flexible layout and economical cost.The breakwater is composed of piled stones,which can reach a stable structure under the action of sea waves.The stability of berm breakwater is an important basis for the design of shouldered breakwater.This paper introduces the smooth particle dynamics method(SPH)theory and establishment method of wave flume,and verifies the result of wave formation.A block stone element method(GEM)model is proposed to simulate the stress state and movement process of block stone on wide shouldered breakwater under wave action.A vertical two-dimensional model of SPH coupled with GEM is established to simulate the wave motion outside the pores of breakwater rockfill and the pore circulation inside.The pressure inside the pores is determined according to Forchheimer Formula.SPH is used to simulate the wave breaking pressure in the external flow field of a rockfill dam and pore circulation is used to simulate the pore pressure inside the dam.Then a coupled model is used to simulate the pore flow field of a wide shouldered breakwater and verify the pore pressure distribution.The fluid-solid field changes from static equilibrium to dynamic equilibrium are obtained by simulating the wave action on block stone and block stone's dynamic response to wave.The establishment of the coupling model provides a theoretical basis for the study of the stability of the wide shouldered rockfill embankment and a new idea for the study of the same type of engineering.

关 键 词：宽肩台防波堤 光滑粒子动力学方法(SPH) 块石单元法(GEM) 耦合数值模型 稳定性模拟 

分 类 号：U656.2[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] TV32[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]