基于CFD和城市形态参数的风环境评价  

Wind environment assessment based on CFD and urban morphology parameters

作　　者：郭其锦 常方强[2] 黄清祥 GUO Qi-jin;CHANG Fang-qiang;HUANG Qing-xiang(College of Civil and Architectural Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China;College of Civil Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361000,China;Xiamen Branch,China Jingye Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学土木建筑工程学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]华侨大学土木工程学院,福建厦门361000 [3]中国京冶工程技术有限公司厦门分公司,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《山东科学》2021年第1期89-97,共9页Shandong Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41306051);福建省自然科学基金(2015J01625)。

摘　　要：风环境对城市居民舒适度影响较大,是城市气候研究的重点。以大庆市东城区为对象,研究基于计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)和城市形态参数的风环境评价方法。首先使用CFD软件对城市中心片区进行风环境模拟,得到风速云图;再将风速云图分割为多个网格,利用SPSS计算得到网格风速比与城市形态参数的回归拟合方程;最后通过回归拟合方程,计算东城区全域的风速比,评价风环境。结果表明,天空开阔度和迎风面积密度是影响风速比的最主要城市形态参数,综合多种城市形态参数能更好地解释风速比的变化;结合风速比计算方程和风环境评价标准能够发现城市中风环境不良的区域并提出优化建议。Wind environment has a considerable influence on urban residents'comfort,which is the focus of urban climate research.Taking Dongcheng District of Daqing City as an example,a wind environment assessment method based on CFD(computational fluid dynamics)and urban morphology parameters was studied.First,the wind environment in the central area of the city was simulated by CFD software to obtain the wind speed nephogram.Then,the wind speed nephogram was divided into grids,and the regression equation between grid wind speed ratio and urban shape parameters was obtained by SPSS.Finally,the wind speed ratio of Dongcheng District was calculated by the regression fitting equation,and the wind environment was evaluated.Results show that sky openness and windward area density are the most important urban morphological parameters affecting the wind speed ratio,and the combination of multiple urban morphology parameters can explain the change in wind speed ratio better.Thus,by combining the wind speed ratio calculation equation and wind environment evaluation standard,the bad wind environment areas in a city can be found and relevant optimization suggestions can be proposed.

关 键 词：风环境 城市形态参数 计算流体力学 相关关系 回归拟合方程 

分 类 号：TU119.4[建筑科学—建筑理论]