不同产蛋水平肉种鸡繁殖性能、肠道组织形态、卵巢功能和盲肠微生物区系差异研究  

Differences in Reproductive Performance,Intestinal Tissue Morphology,Ovarian Function and Caecal Microbiota of Broiler Breeders with Different Egg Production Levels

作　　者：杨曾乔 丁雪梅[1] 白世平[1] 曾秋凤[1] 张克英[1] 王建萍[1] YANG Zengqiao;DING Xuemei;BAI Shiping;ZENG Qiufeng;ZHANG Keying;WANG Jianping(Sichuan Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed,Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition,Ministry of Education,Animal Nutrition Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室,动物抗病营养与饲料农业部重点实验室,动物抗病营养四川省重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第1期270-284,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家十三五重点研发专项“猪禽消化道微生物与繁殖生理调控及表观遗传机制”(2017YFD0500503);国家自然科学基金项目(31872792,31402031);四川省科技厅国际合作项目(2019YFH0062);四川省蛋鸡产业链项目(2018NZ20009)

摘　　要：本研究旨在比较不同产蛋水平肉种鸡繁殖性能、肠道组织形态、卵巢功能和盲肠微生物区系的差异。试验选用5000只同栋舍37周龄的爱拔益加父母代肉种鸡,记录2周内每只肉种鸡的产蛋率、受精率和孵化率,分别筛选出高和平均2种不同产蛋水平的肉种鸡各90只,设为2个组,分别为平均产蛋率组[AR组,产蛋率(79.34±0.49)%]和高产蛋率组[HR组,产蛋率(90.03±0.34)%],每组10个重复,每个重复9只鸡。预试期2周,正试期6周。结果表明:与AR组相比,HR组肉种鸡产蛋率和入孵蛋孵化率显著升高(P<0.05),血清谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),空肠绒毛高度显著降低(P<0.05),回肠隐窝深度显著升高(P<0.05),卵巢细胞凋亡率极显著降低(P<0.01),卵巢促凋亡蛋白半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶9(caspase 9)、卵泡发育相关蛋白骨形态发生蛋白受体1B(BMPR1B)、家鸡新型类催乳素(PRL⁃L)和转录因子GATA4表达水平显著升高(P<0.05),盲肠厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),盲肠拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。肉种鸡盲肠拟杆菌门相对丰度与卵巢BMPR1B和GATA4表达水平呈显著负相关(P<0.05),盲肠厚壁菌门相对丰度与卵巢BMPR1B、GATA4表达水平呈显著正相关(P<0.05),盲肠乳杆菌属相对丰度与卵巢caspase 9、BMPR1B、GATA4、PRL⁃L表达水平呈显著正相关(P<0.05),盲肠螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)相对丰度与卵巢GATA4表达水平呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。综上所述,本试验结果表明,不同产蛋水平肉种鸡肠道组织形态、盲肠微生物区系和卵巢功能存在显著差异,盲肠厚壁菌门和乳杆菌属相对丰度与高繁殖性能密切相关。The present study was to compare the differences in reproductive performance,intestinal tissue morphology,ovarian function and caecal microbiota of broiler breeders with different egg production levels.In the experiment,5 000 Arbor Acres parent broiler breeders of 37 weeks old in the same house were used and recorded the egg laying rate,fertilization rate and hatching rate of each breeding chicken for 2 weeks.Then every 90 broilers with high and average egg production levels were selected and set into 2 groups of average reproductive group[AR group with(79.34±0.49)% egg laying rate]and high reproductive group[HR group with(90.03±0.34)% egg laying rate]with 10 replicates per group and 9 birds per replicate.The trial lasted for 6 weeks after a 2-week adaption. The results showed that,compared with the AR group,the egg laying rate and hatchability of setting eggs were significantly higher(P<0.05),the serum alanine transaminase activity was significantly lower(P<0.05),the villus height in jejunum was significantly lower(P<0.05),the crypt depth in ileum was significantly higher(P<0.05),the apoptosis rate of ovarian cells was extremely significantly lower(P<0.05),the gene expression levels of pro-apoptotic protein as caspase9 and follicle development related proteins as bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B(BMPR1B),a novel prolactin-like protein in chickens(PRL-L)and GATA4 in ovary were significantly increased(P < 0. 05),the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus in cecum was significantly higher(P < 0. 05),and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes in cecum was significantly lower(P < 0. 05)of broilers in the HR group. The Bacteroidetes relative abundance in cecum of broiler breeders was significantly negatively correlated with the expression levels of BMPR1B and GATA4 in ovary(P<0.05),the Firmicutes relative abundance in cecum was significantly positively correlated with the expression levels of BMPR1B and GATA4 in ovary(P<0.05),the Lactobacillus relative abundance in cecum was signif

关 键 词：肠道微生物区系 肉种鸡 繁殖性能 肠道组织形态 卵巢功能 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]