稻田氨挥发损失及减排技术研究进展  

Ammonia volatilization loss and emission reduction measures in paddy fields

作　　者：肖其亮 朱坚 彭华[2,3,4,5] 李胜男 纪雄辉[1,2,3,4,5] XIAO Qi-liang;ZHU Jian;PENG Hua;LI Sheng-nan;JI Xiong-hui(Longping Branch of Graduate School of Hunan University,Changsha 410125,China;Hunan Institute of Agri-Environment and Ecology,Changsha 410125,China;Key Laboratory of Agri-Environment in the Middle Reach Plain of Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture,Changsha 410125,China;Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Prevention,Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution,Changsha 410125,China;Hunan Dongting Lake Basin Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学研究生院隆平分院,长沙410125 [2]湖南省农业环境生态研究所,长沙410125 [3]农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室,长沙410125 [4]农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室,长沙410125 [5]湖南省洞庭湖流域农业面源污染防治工程技术研究中心,长沙410125

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2021年第1期16-25,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0800501)。

摘　　要：氨挥发是稻田氮素损失的主要途径,不仅降低了氮素利用率,还通过促进PM2.5形成和大气氮沉降造成严重的环境问题。本文通过查阅文献,分析了稻田系统氨挥发损失现状及相关影响因子,评价了国内外普遍采用的调整氮肥类型、有机废弃物资源化、添加土壤调理剂和优化水肥管理4种氮素减排措施的优劣,探讨了目前稻田氨挥发减排研究中存在的不足,为后期研究稻田氨挥发减排提供参考。Ammonia volatilization is the main pathway of nitrogen loss from paddy,which not only reduces nitrogen use efficiency but also causes serious environmental pollution through the formation of PM2.5 and nitrogen deposition.In this paper,the nitrogen volatilization loss rules and related influencing factors of a paddy field system were reviewed.Additionally,the advantages and disadvantages of the four ammonia emission reduction measures were discussed,such as adjusting the type of nitrogen fertilizer,recycling organic waste,adding soil conditioners,and optimizing water and fertilizer management.These findings summarize the deficiencies of emission reduction in the current research,contributing to future emission reduction in paddy fields.

关 键 词：稻田 氨挥发 损失规律 减排措施 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]