内蒙古河套灌区耕作层土壤中PCBs的污染特征和健康风险  

Pollution characteristics and health risk of polychlorinated biphenyls in cultivated soil in the Hetao irrigation areas,Inner Mongolia,China

作　　者：李亚芳 裴国霞[1] 张琦[1] 徐明 LI Ya-fang;PEI Guo-xia;ZHANG Qi;XU Ming(Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2021年第1期114-122,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51469023)。

摘　　要：为探讨黄灌区耕作层土壤中多氯联苯(Polychlorinated biphenyls,PCBs)的污染特征,评估其健康风险,在典型黄灌区——内蒙古河套灌区采集74个粮食作物种植土壤表层样品,检测分析土壤中PCBs的含量和组成,利用主成分分析探索其来源,通过USEPA健康风险评价模型评估人群暴露PCBs的致癌与非致癌风险。结果表明,PCBs浓度范围为ND~246.13 ng·g^-1,均值为35.63 ng·g^-1,与国内其他灌区相比,处于较高污染水平,其中乌拉特与乌兰布和灌域受污染程度最严重;灌区以低氯联苯为主,高氯联苯检出率不足1%。经主成分分析,灌区PCBs污染主要来源于电力设备以及国产油漆涂层添加剂的使用、残留。健康风险评价结果显示,土壤中PCBs对成人存在一定的致癌风险,对儿童存在致癌与非致癌风险,经口摄入和皮肤接触是主要的风险途径。To explore the pollution characteristics and assess the health risks of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)in the cultivated layer of the Yellow River irrigation area,74 grain crop soil surface samples were collected in the Hetao irrigation area in Inner Mongolia.The content and composition of PCBs in the soil were detected and analyzed,and principal component analysis was used to explore their source.The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of PCBs were evaluated using the United States Environmental Protection Agency health risk assessment model.The results showed that PCBs concentrations ranged from below the detection limit to 246.13 ng·g^-1,with an average value of 35.63 ng·g^-1,which is higher than that in other domestic irrigation areas.Among these,Urat and Ulanbuhe irrigation areas were the most polluted.The irrigation areas were dominated by low-chlorinated biphenyls.The detection rate of high-chlorinated biphenyls was less than 1%.Principal component analysis identified that PCBs pollution in irrigation areas mainly originated from the use and residues of power equipment and domestic paint coating additives.The health risk assessment showed that PCBs in the soil pose a carcinogenic risk to adults,and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to children.Oral intake and skin contact were the main risk pathways.

关 键 词：黄灌区 多氯联苯 污染特征 健康风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4