多阳离子季铵盐防膨剂的合成及性能研究  

Study on synthesis and properties of multi-site cationic quaternary ammonium salt to prevent expansion agent

作　　者：王晨[1] 王阳阳 牛育华[1,2] 吴尖平 WANG Chen;WANG Yang-yang;NIU Yu-hua;WU Jian-ping(Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology Chemical Industry,Ministry of Education,Shaanxi University of Science & Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Kent Catalytic Materials Co.,Ltd.,Taizhou 318000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂重点实验室,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西农产品加工技术研究院,陕西西安710021 [3]肯特催化材料股份有限公司,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《应用化工》2021年第1期65-69,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51904180);西安市科技计划项目(20193053YF041NS041);西安市科技计划项目(201806116YF04NC12(6))。

摘　　要：以3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵与对苯二胺为原料,合成多阳离子季铵盐防膨剂PCQAB。最佳合成条件为:n(3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵)∶n(对苯二胺)=6∶1,反应温度80℃,反应时间7 h。采用离心法和X射线衍射法确定了PCQAB防膨剂的最佳使用浓度为4 g/L,对钠蒙脱石的防膨率高达94.5%,钙蒙脱石的防膨率88.7%,样品的防膨率为65.5%。Polycationic quaternary ammonium salt swelling inhibitor(PCQAB)was synthesized from 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride and phenyldimethylamine.The results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions were n(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride)∶n(p-phenylenediamine)=6∶1;the optimum reaction temperature was 80℃and the reaction time was 7 h.The optimum concentration of PCQAB anti swelling agent was determined by centrifugal method and X-ray diffraction method.The anti expansion rate of PCQAB on Na montmorillonite was 94.5%,calcium montmorillonite was 88.7%,and the anti-inflation rate of sample was 65.5%。

关 键 词：防膨剂 多阳离子 季铵盐 防膨率 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业] O622.6[理学—有机化学]