劳动参与对退休老年群体健康的影响研究  

A study on the effects of labor participation on the health of the retired elderly in China

作　　者：万媛媛 曾雁冰[1] 方亚[1] WAN Yuan-yuan;ZENG Yan-bing;FANG Ya(School of Public Health,Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学公共卫生学院,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2021年第1期59-65,共7页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71874147)。

摘　　要：目的:了解退休老年群体劳动参与行为对其健康状况的影响。方法:利用2011年、2013年、2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)全国数据,以报告已办理退休手续的1757名60岁及以上老年人作为研究对象,使用倾向得分匹配法研究退休后劳动参与行为对健康的影响。结果:劳动参与对退休老年群体自评健康、日常生活能力及慢性病患病情况的平均处理效应分别为0.099、0.324和0.562,存在正向促进作用且效应具有显著性;而对认知功能、抑郁情绪及生活满意度的作用则并不显著。结论:总体而言,劳动参与行为不会对退休老年群体的健康状况产生显著负面影响,且在一定程度上对提升退休老年群体的自评健康、日常生活能力及改善老年群体慢性病患病情况具有积极作用,积极鼓励退休老年群体参与劳动将有利于我国健康老龄化、积极老龄化的实现。Objective:This study aimed to investigate the impacts from labor participation on the health of the retired elderly in China.Methods:1757 cases of retired elderly people aged over 60 years were extracted from the 2011,2013 and 2015 data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)to create nationally representative estimates.Based on the Propensity Score Matching method,we analyzed the impacts from labor participation behaviors on health after retirement.Results:The average treatment effects of labor participation on self-rated health,daily living abilities and chronic diseases of retired elderly groups were 0.099,0.324 and 0.562,respectively.There was a significant positive promoting effect on these dimensions.However,the effects on cognitive functions,depression and life satisfaction were not significant.Conclusion:In general,labor participation behaviors do not have a negative impact on the retired elderly's health and even has a certain positive effect for improving their self-rated health,daily living abilities as well as their conditions of chronic diseases.Actively encouraging retired elderly groups to participate in labor will be conducive to the realization of healthy aging and active aging in China.

关 键 词：退休老年群体 劳动参与 健康 倾向得分匹配法 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]