Ceph分布式存储系统性能优化技术研究综述  

Review on Performance Optimization of Ceph Distributed Storage System

作　　者：张晓[1,2,3] 张思蒙 石佳[1,2] 董聪 李战怀 ZHANG Xiao;ZHANG Si-meng;SHI Jia;DONG Cong;LI Zhan-huai(School of Computer Science,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,China;MIIT Key Laboratory of Big Data Storage and Management,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学计算机学院,西安710129 [2]西北工业大学大数据存储与管理工业和信息化部重点实验室,西安710129 [3]西北工业大学空天地海一体化大数据应用技术国家工程实验室,西安710129

出　　处：《计算机科学》2021年第2期1-12,共12页Computer Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1004401);北京市自然科学基金-海淀原始创新联合基金(L192027)。

摘　　要：Ceph是一个统一的分布式存储系统,可同时提供块、文件和对象3种接口的存储服务。与传统的分布式存储系统不同,它采用了无中心节点的元数据管理方式,因此具有良好的扩展性和线性增长的性能。经过十余年的发展,Ceph已被广泛地应用于云计算和大数据存储系统。作为云计算的底层平台,Ceph除了提供虚拟机的存储服务外,还可以直接提供对象存储服务和NAS文件服务。Ceph支撑着云计算系统中多种操作系统和应用的存储需求,它的性能对其上的虚拟机和应用有较大的影响,因此Ceph存储系统的性能优化一直是学术界和工业界的研究热点。文中首先介绍了Ceph的架构和特性;然后针对现有的性能优化技术,从对内部机制进行改进、面向新型硬件和基于应用的优化这3个方面进行了归纳和总结,综述了近年来Ceph存储和优化的相关研究;最后对该领域未来的工作进行了展望,以期为分布式存储系统性能优化的研究者提供有价值的参考。Ceph is a unified distributed storage system,which can provide storage services of 3 types of interfaces:block,file and object.Different from the traditional distributed storage system,it adopts the metadata management method without central node,so it has good scalability and linear growth performance.After more than ten years of development,Ceph has been widely used in cloud computing and big data storage systems.As the underlying platform of cloud computing,Ceph not only provides storage service for virtual machines,but also directly provides the object storage service and NAS file service.Ceph supports storage requirements of various operating systems and applications in cloud computing systems.Its performance has a great influence on virtual machines and applications running on it.Therefore,the performance optimization of the Ceph storage system has been a research hotspot in academia and industry.This paper first introduces the architecture and characteristics of Ceph,then summarizes existing performance optimization technologies from 3 aspects,including internal mechanism improvement,new hardware-orien-ted and application-based optimization and reviews the recent research on Ceph storage and optimization.Finally,it prospects the future work,hoping to provide a valuable reference for resear chers in the performance optimization of distributed storage system.

关 键 词：Ceph分布式存储系统 性能优化 非易失内存 固态硬盘 统一存储 

分 类 号：TP319[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]