东晋时期的疫病与民间救助  

Epidemic Disease and Civil Rescue of the Eastern Jin Dynasty

作　　者：许秀文 汪建欣 XU Xiu-wen;WANG Jian-xin(School of Law and Politics and Public Administration,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050024,China;Tangshan 21 middle school,Tangshan,Hebei 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学法政与公共管理学院,河北石家庄050024 [2]河北省唐山市第二十一中学,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《石家庄学院学报》2021年第1期49-55,共7页Journal of Shijiazhuang University

摘　　要：东晋处于中国历史上的灾害高发期,疫病具有与其他灾害相伴发生的特点,因而同样高发。东晋104年间见于记载的疫灾25次,平均每4.12年一次,与水旱等自然灾害和战乱等恶劣社会政治环境密切相关。东晋政府虽然采取了一些救助措施,但相比其他朝代已明显弱化。此时的民间救助则发展起来,作用凸显,世俗力量的宗族互助、民间医疗发挥了一定的作用,以僧医、道医为首的宗教组织救助成为这一时期疫病救助的特色,对疫病研究与治疗作出了重大贡献。The Eastern Jin Dynasty is a period of high incidence of disasters in China’s history. The epidemic has the characteristics of accompanying other disasters, so the incidence is also high. There are 25 recorded epidemics in 104 years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with an average of once every 4.12 years, which is closely related to the harsh social and political environment such as floods and droughts and other natural disasters and wars.Although the Eastern Jin government adopted some relief measures, it has been significantly weakened compared to other dynasties. At this time, civilian assistance develops and plays a prominent role. Clan mutual assistance of secular forces and private medical treatment plays a certain role. Religious organizations assistance lead by monk doctors and Taoist doctors become the characteristics of disease assistance during this period. The treatment makes a major contribution.

关 键 词：东晋 疫病 民间 救助 葛洪 

分 类 号：K237.2[历史地理—中国史]