节流孔板空化特性分析  

Analysis of Cavitation Characteristics for Orifice Plates

作　　者：俞轲鑫 尚群立[1] 吴欣[2] YU Kexin;SHANG Qunli;WU Xin(College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310012;College of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学信息工程学院,杭州310012 [2]杭州电子科技大学机械工程学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2021年第3期290-296,共7页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX06005002-003-001);国家自然科学基金(61174108)。

摘　　要：管道系统中的各类阀门、文丘里管、孔板等节流件,随系统工作压力和前后压差的增大,会出现气液两相流引起的空化或发生阻塞流,对系统的工作性能和安全造成严重影响。针对以不同规格孔板为代表的节流件,采用理论推导和FLUENT流体力学两相流仿真,结合实验台架所得的空化流动特征,辅以对局部空化气泡的高速微距拍摄结果,提出了斜梯三角形流量曲线以表达节流孔板阻塞流发展变化的全部过程,充分表达了阻塞流发展过程中的局限性特征和阶梯性特征。With the increase of system working pressure as well as before and after differential pressure,cavitation or blocking flow caused by vapor-liquid two-phase flow might occur in various valves,venturi tubes,orifice plates and other throttling parts in the piping systems,which might seriously affect the working performances and safety of the system.For the throttling parts represented by orifice plates of different specifications,with the applications of theoretical derivation as well as FLUENT fluid mechanics two-phase flow simulation,combined with cavitation flow characteristics of cavitation bench test,supplemented by the high-speed macrophotography results of local cavitation bubbles,and the flow curves of ramp ladder triangle were presented to express the whole processes of the development and change of blocking flow occurring in the orifice plates,which fully expressed the limitation and step characteristics of blocking flow in the development processes.

关 键 词：节流孔板 空化特性 计算流体动力学仿真 阻塞流 微距摄影 

分 类 号：TK9[动力工程及工程热物理]