鲜食果桑新品种‘粤椹143’的选育  

Breeding report of a new table mulberry cultivar ‘Yueshen143’

作　　者：王振江[1,2] 唐翠明 戴凡炜[1,2] 肖更生 林森[1] 李智毅 罗国庆[1] WANG Zhenjiang;TANG Cuiming;DAI Fanwei;XIAO Gengsheng;LIN Sen;LI Zhiyi;LUO Guoqing(Sericulture&Agri-Food Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510610,Guangdong,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510610,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,广州510610 [2]农业农村部华南都市农业重点实验室,广州510610

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第2期296-299,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1001200);国家蚕桑产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-18-SYZ13);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(2019KJ124);广东省农业科学院学科团队建设项目(201624TD);广东省科技创新战略专项资金(20190001)。

摘　　要：‘粤椹143'是从广东桑种(Morus atropurpurea Roxb.)资源母本'塘10'和父本'航诱18'杂交后代群体中经秋水仙碱诱导筛选变异单株而育成的果桑新品种。该品种生长势较强,树形稍开展,主枝发条数多,花芽易形成,花芽萌发率96.2%~99.6%,单芽坐果数4~9粒。成熟桑果长圆筒形,果形端正整齐,商品果率高;单果较大,平均单果质量7.8 g,成熟后不易落果,适宜鲜食开发。品质优,平均出汁率76.4%,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为12.2%,总酸含量为3.8 g·kg^-1,花色苷含量为1.2 mg·g^-1。在广州地区种植3月中旬桑果盛熟,持续采收期30~35 d。1年生嫁接苗当年春季种植第2年即可挂果,第3年即可进入丰产期,产量27 000 kg·hm^-2以上。耐寒性较差,适宜在长江流域以南地区种植。‘Yueshen143’(Morus atropurpurea Roxb.)is a new table mulberry cultivar selected from the seedling progenies of’Tang10’×’Hangyou18’at experimental field of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences.In late March 2005,mature fruit of’Tang10’×’Hangyou18’in the experimental field were harvested and cleaned in room.The seeds were extracted and immediately stratified using the mosit sand in the 4℃refrigerator.In late May,sowing and culture of seedlings in the greenhouse The seedlings were polyploidy induction by treating the tips of caudices with colchicines,and screen phenotypic variant.In late September,the phenotypic variant seedlings were transplanted and planted in the experimental field.By the spring of 2007,most mulberry seedlings started to fruition.Based on evaluation of main economic characters of fruits over 2 years,182 seedlings ware picked out and numbered as M1-M182.In late December 2008,M1-M182 seedlings were grafting and propagation,Among them M143 was initially selected in 2010 for its big berry,high uniformity,good taste,uneasily shedding ripening fruits and excellent eating quality.From 2011,it was evaluated again and selected as the fina line.After several years of observation,it was finally released as’Yueshen143’in 2015.This cultivar is strong growth potential with open tree gesture.The main fruit braches are the annual branches and the short fruit branches.It’s easy to form lateral flower buds on new shoots.Usually 4-9 fruits come out of every flower bud,and average 6.5 fruits per flower bud.The long and cylindrical ripening fruit are black,and with average fruit mass 7.8 g.It has pleasant sweet and little sour taste,a rich flavor and fine quality.’Yueshen143’have very little malformed fruit and contains 76.4%juice productivity,12.2%soluble solids,3.8 g·kg-1titratable acid,1.2 mg·g-1anthocyanin.The fruits are hard and have excellen storage and transportation capacity.’Yueshen143’is an excellent early-ripening mulberry cultivar,suitable for planting in the

关 键 词：鲜食果桑 新品种 ‘粤椹143' 

分 类 号：S663.2[农业科学—果树学]