钛离子注入种子对油茶幼苗叶绿体DNA、叶绿素含量和光合参数的影响  

Effects of titanium ion implantation on chloroplast DNA,chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters of Camellia oleifera

作　　者：李维伟 黎傲日 郭怡菲 李观林 肖文静 曾艳玲[1] LIWei-wei;LI Ao-ri;GUO Yi-fei;LI Guan-lin;XIAO Wen-jing;ZENG Yan-ling(The Key Lab of Cultivation and Protection for Non-wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education/The Key Lab of Nonwood Forest Products of Forestry State Forestry Administration/Technology Laboratory of China National Center for Oil-tea Science,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室/经济林育种与栽培国家林业局重点实验室/国家油茶科学中心生物技术实验室,长沙410004

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2020年第11期2738-2746,共9页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2019JJ50986);湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(18A152)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨钛离子注入对油茶生长过程中叶绿体及光合作用的影响,利用离子注入技术进行油茶种质创制及选育提供科学依据。[方法]以油茶品种华硕为试材,设置6×10^16、9×10^16、12×10^16、15×10^16和18×10^16Ti^2+/cm^2 5种剂量的钛离子,分别注入油茶种子,以未进行注入处理的种子作为对照,在相同条件下播种培育。采摘幼叶进行DNA提取,对叶绿体基因组的部分基因片段的序列进行扩增、纯化,并定期测量其叶绿素含量和光合参数,连续3年(2016—2018年)追踪研究其叶绿体DNA的变异、叶绿素相对含量及净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)的变化规律。[结果]钛离子注入处理会引起叶绿体DNA少数碱基置换,虽然注入剂量越大置换相对增多,但不存在明显的缺失或插入现象;叶绿素相对含量和光合参数均呈现马鞍形变化;钛离子注入浓度为6×10^16和12×10^16 Ti^2+/cm^2时,叶绿素含量相对较高,但随着生长年份增加,优势逐渐减小;处理后当年各试验组Pn差异不显著(P>0.05,下同),但第2和第3年,6×10^16Ti^2+/cm^2注入组Pn显著高于对照组(P<0.05,下同),分别增加13.94%和12.56%;第1、2年中Gs和Tt各组差异不明显,而第3年差异开始增大,在注入浓度为0及6×10^16Ti^2+/cm^2时Gs分别为最低组的235.78%和249.55%,而在注入浓度为6×10^16Ti^2+/cm^2 Tr是最低组的239.24%;在第1年中,对照组Ci为508.4074μL/L,是最低组的213.72%,第2年中对照组与其他各组均存在显著差异,达该年度最高值,为288.2563μL/L,较其他处理组增加6.66%~17.98%,但第3年对照与其他组差异减小。[结论]钛离子注入浓度的差异对叶绿素的影响暂时不稳定,但当钛离子注入浓度为6×10^16 Ti^2+/cm^2时,对油茶的综合作用效果最佳,能促进油茶净光合速率的提升以及蒸腾作用的加强。[Obj ective]To investigate the effects of titanium ion implantation on chloroplast and photo synthe sis during the growth of Camellia oleifera,ion implantation technique was used to enrich the way of C.oleifera germplasm creation and breeding.[Method]C.olezfera Huashuo was used as the test material.Set 6×10^16,9×10^16,12×10^16,15×10^16 and 18×10^16 Ti2+/cm^2 as five doses of titanium ions,injecting into C.oleifera seeds,and use seeds that have not been implanted as control.The seeds were cultivated under the same conditions.Picked young leaves for DNA extraction,amplified and purified the sequence of some gene fragments of the chloroplast genome,and regularly measured its chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parametersto track and study the variation of chloroplast DNA,the changes of srelative content of chlorophyll and net photo synthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate during 2016-2018.[Result]The results showed that the titanium ion implantation treatment would cause the substitution of minority bases in chloroplast DNA.Although the larger the injection dose,the replacement was relatively increased,but there was no large deletion or insertion.The relative content of chlorophyll and photosynthetic characteristics both showed a saddle-type change.When the concentrations of titanium ion implantation were 6×10^16 and 12×10^16 Ti^2+/cm^2,the chlorophyll content was relatively high,but as the growth year increased,the advantage gradually decreased.After treatment,the net photosynthetic rate of each test group was not significantly different(P>0.05,the same below),but in the second and third years,the net photo synthetic rate of the 6×10^16Ti^2+/cm^2 injection group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05,the same below),increasing by 13.94%and 12.56%respectively.The differences in stomatal conductance and transpiration rate in the first and second years were not great among the groups,while in the third year the differences began to be

关 键 词：油茶 钛离子注入 叶绿体DNA 叶绿素相对含量 光合参数 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]