基于分形插值模型的平寨水库水体富营养化评价  

Using Fractal Interpolation to Evaluate Eutrophication at Pingzhai Reservoir in Guizhou Province

作　　者：孔杰 周忠发[1,2] 但雨生 蒋翼 李韶慧 KONG Jie;ZHOU Zhongfa;DAN Yusheng;JIANG Yi;LI Shaohui(College of Geography and Environmental Sciences/Karst Research Institute,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province,Guiyang,550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院/喀斯特研究院,贵阳550001 [2]贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵阳550001

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2021年第1期123-130,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1612441);国家自然科学基金地区项目(41661088);贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划项目(〔2016〕5674);贵州省科技计划项目([2017]5726-57)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析平寨水库水体富营养化时空变化特征,对平寨水库水体富营养化情况进行评价。【方法】采集2018年11月(秋)、2019年1月(冬)、5月(春)和7月(夏)4个季节的水样,选取叶绿素a(Chla)、总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)和透明度(SD)5个指标,利用分形维数权重的方法建立富营养化评价插值模型,对平寨水库的水体富营养化进行评价。【结果】①平寨水库TP和CODMn量达到Ⅱ类水质标准,TN量超出Ⅴ类水质标准,是主要污染因子;TN、CODMn和Chla量在夏季最高,TP量在冬季最高,SD在春季最低。②平寨水库总体上呈中富营养、富营养状态,所有监测断面没有出现贫营养和贫中营养,说明该水库水体富营养化程度较高。③平寨水库夏季富营养化程度最高,冬春季次之,秋季最低。BS2和HJ2监测断面富营养化程度最高,NY3、SG3和PZ4监测断面次之,ZW8和SG1监测断面最低。【结论】平寨水库富营养化程度偏高,TN是主要污染因子,控制氮元素的输入和富集是防治平寨水库富营养化的重中之重。【Background】Water eutrophication has become prevalent in China and the underlying mechanism is the imbalance between nutrients inflow and consumption,which boosts overgrowth of some species.Eutrophication could undermine functions of the aquatic ecosystem,and understanding development of the eutrophication and its determinants is therefore important to ameliorate it.【Objective】The Pingzhai reservoir in the karst plateau of Guizhou province is an important water source for irrigation and drinking in the province,and the objective of this paper is to unveil its eutrophication and the factors affecting it.【Method】Water samples were collected from late November 2018(autumn),January(winter),May(spring)and July(summer)2019,and for each sample we measured the contents of chlorophyll a(Chla),total phosphorus(TP),total nitrogen(TN),permanganate index(CODMn)and transparency(SD)in it.A model derived based on the fractal interpolation was used to evaluate eutrophication in the reservoir.【Result】①The TP and CODMn contents in the reservoir meet Class II water quality standard,and the TN content exceeds the class V water quality standard and is the main determinant of the eutrophication.The contents of TN,CODMn and Chla were highest in summer,while the TP content was highest in winter and the SD content was lowest in spring.②Eutrophication in the reservoir is moderate or above,and the data measured from different locations showed that the reservoir was not oligotrophic,indicating that the reservoir has been eutrophic.③The reservoir is most eutrophic in summer and least in autumn,with other seasons between.The eutrophication degree was highest at the BS2 and HJ2 monitoring sections,and least at the ZW8 and SG1 sections,with NY3,SG3 and PZ4 sections between.【Conclusion】In general,the reservoir is highly eutrophic with the increased TN being the main determinant.Controlling inflow and accumulation of nitrogen in the reservoir is hence the top priority to remediate its eutrophication.

关 键 词：分形插值模型 水体富营养化 综合评价 喀斯特高原 水库 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X824