考虑水头损失的管道灌溉分水口轮灌分组优化模型  

Optimizing the Outlet Distribution of Pipeline Irrigation for Rotation Irrigation with Hydraulic Loss in Consideration

作　　者：李彬 李娜[2] 李端明[2] 龚诗雯 LI Bin;LI Na;LI Duanming;GONG Shiwen(The College of Electrical,Energy and Power Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;China Irrigation and Drainage Development Center,Beijing 100054,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学电气与能源动力工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [2]中国灌溉排水发展中心,北京100054

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2021年第1期144-148,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508304)。

摘　　要：【目的】优化灌溉系统中分水口轮灌分组的灌溉制度,在满足流量要求的条件下节约电能。【方法】提出了在考虑水头损失时不同分水口状态与管道进口压力的关系模型,该模型利用分水口开关0,1状态作为自变量,从管道末端起利用推导的递推公式求出管道进水口的等效水头损失系数。依据该模型,在定流量分组轮灌优化中得到为使分组轮灌功率最小的目标函数。利用遗传算法对上述问题进行了优化求解,并给出了编码方案。【结果】在分水口等间隔布置时,轮灌分组按轮灌分组数等间隔安排所需功率最小,优化后的水头损失系数可以减小到没有优化前的0.772倍。【结论】本研究模型不仅适用于恒定流量的组合优化,也可应用于不同分水口的所需水量不同的随机灌溉以及恒压供水的优化中。【Background】Low-pressure pipeline using pipes in lieu of open channels to convey water is a water-saving irrigation technology as it reduces leakage and evaporation.Low-pressure pipeline irrigation has been well documented and rolled-up in China,from dry farmlands in the north to paddy fields in the south,from well-irrigated areas to surface-water irrigated regions,from plain areas to hilly terrains.With the development in automation and the reduced cost of control systems,control of the outlets of the irrigation system has become more automatic.Modeling hydraulic dynamics at the outlets so as to optimize the outlet is hence required.【Objective】We present a method in this paper to optimize outlet distribution of the low-pressure pipeline system for rotation irrigation with hydraulic head loss in the system being taken into account,aimed to meet the demand for water flow rate while in the meantime reduce the costs of electricity usage.【Method】The optimization is to determine the hydraulic loss under different outlets so as to find their relationship with the inlet pressure in the pipeline network;it also considered hydraulic head loss in the system.The equivalent hydraulic loss coefficient of the pipeline inlet was calculated using a binary variable as independent variable,and calculation of the equivalent hydraulic loss coefficient of the pipeline inlet started from the end of the pipeline using the deduced-recurrence formula.The objective of the optimization is to minimize the energy used by the rotation irrigation,with water flow rate fixed.The genetic algorithm and the coding scheme were used to solve the optimization,in which the irrigation group numbers at each water outlet were taken as the optimization variables,with a constraint that each outlet can only run one irrigation group.【Result】The energy required for the equal interval arrangement in the rotation irrigation was minimized,and the optimized results show that the optimized hydraulic loss coefficient could be reduced by 0.772 times c

关 键 词：轮灌 水头损失 模型 遗传算法 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]