云南省医疗卫生机构病原微生物实验室生物安全现状调查  

Investigation on biological safety of pathogenic microbiology laboratories in medical institutions in Yunnan Province

作　　者：杨慧娟[1] 王建华[1] 乔恩发[1] 雷媛 黄玉芬[1] 白斌[1] YANG Hui-juan;WANG Jian-hua;QIAO En-fa;LEI Yuan;HUANG Yu-fen;BAI Bin(Department of Quality Control of Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming,Yunnan 650022,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心质量管理部,云南昆明650022

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第2期354-358,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的掌握云南省医疗卫生机构病原微生物实验室生物安全现状,为卫生行政部门科学管理提供依据。方法对云南省各级医院、疾控中心病原微生物实验室生物安全情况进行问卷调查。结果调查222家医疗卫生机构(医院78家,疾控中心144家),病原微生物实验室的备案率为79.73%,疾控中心高于医院(P=0.030)。30家机构无负责生物安全管理的部门或人员。仅28.21%的医院和14.58%的疾控中心有生物安全工作相关经费投入。生物安全制度的执行医院和疾控中心都有短板存在,突出体现在实验室工作人员健康监测管理方面不足,其他多个环节医院优于疾控中心。60.36%生物安全柜和39.19%的高压灭菌器未定期开展监测,首要原因是无适合的监测部门/机构和经费支持。结论(1)云南省卫生行政部门和医疗卫生机构必须加大生物安全经费投入、增加人员和培训并持续加强本机构的生物安全管理体系建设才能确保实验室生物安全工作有序开展。(2)各医疗卫生机构必须确保实验室生物安全关键设备定期监测,将实验室生物安全隐患降到最低。Objective To understand the current status of biological safety of pathogenic microbiology laboratories in medical institutions in Yunnan Province and provide reference for scientific management of the health administrative departments.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on the biological safety of pathogenic microbiology laboratories of hospitals and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs) at all levels in Yunnan Province. Results A total of 222 medical institutions including 78 hospitals and 144 CDCs were surveyed. The filing rate of laboratory was 79.73%, with CDCs higher than that of hospitals(P=0.030). Thirty institutions had no departments or personnel responsible for biosafety management.Only 28.21% of the hospitals and 14.58% of the CDCs allocated funds for biosafety. Both hospitals and CDCs had shortcomings in the implementation of the biosafety system, prominently reflected in lack of health monitoring and management of laboratory staff, and hospitals did better than CDCs in terms of other aspects. 60.36% of biosafety cabinets and 39.19% of autoclave sterilizer were not regularly monitored, primarily due to absence of monitoring department/institution and financial support. Conclusion The health administrative department and medical institutions of Yunnan Province must raise laboratory biosafety funding, increase personnel allocation and training, improve biosafety management system so as to ensure biosafety. The medical institutions at all levels must ensure regular monitoring of key biosafety equipment to minimize potential hazards.

关 键 词：实验室 生物安全 调查 

分 类 号：R197.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]