制冷剂充注量对微型制冷系统性能影响的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Effect of Refrigerant Charge on Performance of Miniature Refrigeration System

作　　者：杨露露 徐洪波[1] 张慧慧 李鹏杰 田长青[1,2] YANG Lulu;XU Hongbo;ZHANG Huihui;LI Pengjie;TIAN Changqing(Key Laboratory of Space Energy Conversion Technology,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;No.208 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industries,Beijing 102202,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所中国科学院空间功热转换技术重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国兵器装备集团兵器装备研究所,北京102202

出　　处：《制冷技术》2020年第6期12-16,共5页Chinese Journal of Refrigeration Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFB0105400)。

摘　　要：基于高温环境中人体散热需求,本文设计并搭建了一套空调服用蒸气压缩式微型制冷系统,并设计实验定量测试了制冷剂充注量对系统性能的影响,分析了不同制冷剂充注量下系统水浴平衡温度、蒸发/冷凝压力、压缩机吸/排气温度以及系统热力学完善度的差异。实验结果表明:空调服制冷系统充入过少的制冷剂时,如20 g或30 g充注量工况下,系统性能极差,几乎不能达到稳定,而过多的制冷剂充入也会使系统性能下降;制冷剂充注量存在一个最佳值,本系统采用制冷剂为R134a的最佳充注量为60 g,该充注量下系统的性能最好,热力学完善度最高,在制冷量为400 W时系统的热力学完善度达到0.51。Based on the human body heat dissipation requirements in high temperature environment,a vapor compression miniature refrigeration system for air conditioning suit is designed and built in this paper.The experiments are designed to quantitatively test the effect of refrigerant charge on the system water bath equilibrium temperature,evaporation/condensation pressure,compressor charge/discharge temperature and system thermodynamic perfection under different refrigerant charges.The experimental results show that the system performance is extremely poor when the refrigeration system is charged with too little refrigerant,such as 20 g or 30 g,and it can hardly reach stability.Correspondingly,too much refrigerant charge will also degrade system performance.There is an optimal value for the refrigerant charge.In this system,the optimal charging is 60 g of refrigerant R134a,under which condition the system has the best performance with the highest thermodynamic perfection of 0.51 and the cooling capacity of 400 W.

关 键 词：制冷剂充注量 微型制冷系统 空调服 R134A 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB612