2015—2019年宁波市居民健康素养变化及影响因素分析  

Changing trend and influencing factors of health literacy among residents in Ningbo from 2015 to 2019

作　　者：徐倩倩[1] 梅秋红[1] 冯宏伟 朱莹莹[1] 贺天锋[1] XU Qianqian;MEI Qiuhong;FENG Hongwei;ZHU Yingying;HE Tianfeng(Department of Health Education,Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315010,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,浙江宁波315010

出　　处：《预防医学》2021年第1期35-40,共6页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生项目(2018KY730)。

摘　　要：目的了解2015—2019年宁波市居民健康素养水平、变化趋势及影响因素,为制定健康促进策略及干预措施提供依据。方法收集2015—2019年宁波市居民健康素养监测资料,计算健康素养具备率并采用2010年第六次全国人口普查宁波市人口资料进行标化;采用5年绝对增长量和5年增幅反映变化趋势;采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析居民健康素养的影响因素。结果共监测30 970人,2015—2019年宁波市居民健康素养具备率分别为15.44%、21.73%、22.41%、27.60%和30.03%,呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.05),5年绝对增长量为14.59%,5年增幅为94.49%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,调查年份(OR=1.158,95%CI:1.132~1.184),年龄(25~<35岁,OR=1.235,95%CI:1.039~1.468;35~<45岁,OR=1.416,95%CI:1.193~1.681;45~<55岁,OR=1.221,95%CI:1.024~1.455),文化程度(小学,OR=1.790,95%CI:1.461~2.195;初中,OR=2.574,95%CI:2.102~3.154;高中/职高/中专,OR=4.863,95%CI:3.943~5.998;大专/本科及以上,OR=8.829,95%CI:7.109~10.965),居住在城市(OR=0.934,95%CI:0.874~0.998)和职业(农民,OR=0.692,95%CI:0.608~0.787;工人,OR=0.746,95%CI:0.664~0.837;企业人员,OR=0.822,95%CI:0.745~0.906;其他,OR=0.743,95%CI:0.666~0.829)是居民健康素养的影响因素。结论 2015—2019年宁波市居民健康素养水平逐年上升;年龄、文化程度、居住地和职业是健康素养的影响因素。Objective To learn the health literacy status,trend and associated factors of Ningbo residents from 2015 to 2019,so as to provide basis for developing health policies and interventions.Methods The monitoring data of health literacy of Ningbo residents from 2015 to 2019 was collected.The health literacy level was calculated and standardized by the population data of the sixth national census of Ningbo in 2010;five-year absolute growth and growth rate were used to reflect the changing trend.Multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze the influencing factors for the health literacy level.Results The health literacy levels from 2015 to 2019 were 15.44%,21.73%,22.41%,27.60%and 30.03%,with an annual increase trend(P<0.05).The five-year absolute growth and growth rate were14.59%and 94.49%.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the year(OR=1.158,95%CI:1.132-1.184),age(25-<35岁years,OR=1.235,95%CI:1.039-1.468;35-<45岁years,OR=1.416,95%CI:1.193-1.681;45-<55岁years,OR=1.221,95%CI:1.024-1.455),education level(primary school,OR=1.790,95%CI:1.461-2.195;junior high school,OR=2.574,95%CI:2.102-3.154;high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school,OR=4.863,95%CI:3.943-5.998;college or above,OR=8.829,95%CI:7.109-10.965),urban areas(OR=0.934,95%CI:0.874-0.998)and occupation(farmers,OR=0.692,95%CI:0.608-0.787;workers,OR=0.746,95%CI:0.664-0.837;enterprise staff,OR=0.822,95%CI:0.745-0.906;others,OR=1.106,95%CI:1.009-1.211)were the influencing factors for health literacy level.Conclusion The health literacy level of Ningbo residents shows an upward trend from 2015 to 2019,which are associated with age,education level,area and occupation.

关 键 词：健康素养 健康教育 趋势分析 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]