观赏型文冠果新品种花期颜色特征及其表型稳定性研究  

Study on Color Characteristics and Stability at Flowering of a New Ornamental Xanthoceras sorbifolium

作　　者：侯瑞丽 武倩 闫星蓉 张芸香[1,2] 郭晋平 HOU Ruili;WU Qian;YAN Xingrong;ZHANG Yunxiang;GUO Jinping(College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu Shanxi 030801,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Oil Tree Cultivation and Research,Taigu Shanxi 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801 [2]北方功能油料树种培育与研发山西省重点实验室,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2021年第1期143-151,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：山西省林业科技创新项目(2018LYCX32);山西省科技攻关项目(20120311015-3)。

摘　　要：‘金花文冠’是笔者课题组前期选育的花期金黄色观赏型文冠果新种质,试验以‘金花文冠’母株及其嫁接繁殖无性系植株为研究材料,以山西太谷当地实生植株(‘G13’)为对照,通过形态特征和物候期观测、花和幼叶高光谱反射特征和色素含量对比分析,旨在阐明‘金花文冠’的花色特性和表型稳定性。结果表明:(1)‘金花文冠’母株和嫁接繁殖无性系植株花瓣在初花期呈金黄色,盛花期呈黄色,末花期花瓣基部变红,叶片在展叶初期呈金黄色,之后逐渐转绿,母株和嫁接繁殖无性系植株物候期和形态特征一致而与对照差异显著,具有良好的观赏性和表型稳定性;(2)‘金花文冠’始花期和盛花期,花瓣黄酮含量显著高于对照,花青素含量显著低于对照,黄酮和花青素含量比值显著高于对照,类胡萝卜素含量高于对照;展叶初期和展叶盛期,叶片叶绿素含量显著低于对照,黄酮含量显著高于对照,黄酮和叶绿素含量比值显著高于对照,类胡萝卜素含量高于对照,色素含量和比例关系支持其呈色表现。‘Golden Flower Wenguan(GFWG)’was a new ornamental germplasm selected by the research team at the early stage.In this study,orete of‘GFWG’and Grafting of‘GFWG’were used as research materials,and the local Xanthoceras sorbifolium(‘G13’)was used as contrast.The purpose was to clarify the color of flower and phenotypic stability of‘GFWG’by observing morphology,phenology and hyperspectral reflection,comparison and analysis of content of pigment in flowers and young leaves.The results showed that:(1)Compared with the contrast,petals of orete of‘GFWG’and grafting of‘GFWG’were golden at the first flowering and yellow at full flowering,and the base of the petals became red at final flowering.Leaves were golden at leaf unfolding,and then gradually turned green.The phenological characteristics,morphological characteristics of orete of‘GFWG’and grafting of‘GFWG’were basically the same,but were significantly different from the contrast,and‘GFWG’had good ornamental value and color phenotypic stability;(2)During first flowering and full flowering,the content of flavonoid,carotenoid in the petals and the content ratio of flavonoid to anthocyanin of‘GFWG’was significantly higher than the contrast,and the content of anthocyanin in the petals of‘GFWG’was significantly lower than the contrast.During leaf unfolding and full unfolding,content of chlorophyll in leaf of‘GFWG’was significantly lower than the conrast,and content of flavonoid,carotenoid and the content ratio of flavonoid to chlorophyll was significantly higher than the contrast.The relationship between the pigment content and the ratio supported the color performance.

关 键 词：金花文冠 稳定性 呈色机理 

分 类 号：S685.99[农业科学—观赏园艺]