黏度吞咽测试在急性脑卒中吞咽困难患者中的应用效果  

Application Effect of Viscosity Swallowing Test in Patients with Dysphagia After Acute Stroke

作　　者：马姣 尚翠侠 牟春英[1] 李燕[1] 刘哲[1] 张睿 MA Jiao;SHANG Cui-xia;MOU Chun-ying;LI Yan;LIU Zhe;ZHANG Rui(Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,Shaanxi,Chi)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院康复医学科,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《医学信息》2021年第3期139-141,共3页Journal of Medical Information

摘　　要：目的探讨容积-黏度吞咽测试(V-VST)在急性脑卒中吞咽功能障碍患者中的应用效果。方法选取2018年3月~2019年6月我院神经内科收治的100例由急性脑卒中引起的吞咽功能困难患者为对象,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组50例。两组患者均进行V-VST吞咽评估,对照组只记录筛查结果并留置胃管,不进行食团黏度改变的经口进食训练,食物及营养完全从胃管注入;观察组则按测试结果确定进食方案,通过对食团黏度加以改变,完成经口进食训练,比较两组治疗2周后吞咽功能改善状况,禁食、补液和留置胃管情况,吸入性肺炎的发生情况。结果观察组改善总有效率高于对照组(90.00%vs 76.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组禁食、补液、胃管留置率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组吸入性肺炎发生率为6.00%,低于对照组的22.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论V-VST吞咽测试评估在改善神经内科急性脑卒中吞咽困难患者中效果良好,可有效降低禁食、补液、胃管留置率及吸入性肺炎发生率。Objective To explore the effect of volume-viscosity swallowing test(V-VST)in patients with swallowing dysfunction in acute stroke.Methods A total of 100 patients with dysphagia caused by acute stroke who were admitted to the Department of Neurology in our hospital from March 2018 to June 2019 were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 50 cases in each group.Both groups of patients underwent V-VST swallowing assessment.The control group only recorded the screening results and indwelled a gastric tube,and did not undergo oral feeding training to change the viscosity of the bolus.Food and nutrition were completely injected through the gastric tube;The observation group determined the eating plan according to the test results,and completed oral eating training by changing the viscosity of the food bolus.The improvement of swallowing function,fasting,fluid supplementation and indwelling gastric tube,and the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia were compared between the two groups after 2 weeks of treatment.Results The total effective rate of improvement in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(90.00%vs 76.00%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The rates of fasting,fluid infusion and gastric tube indwelling in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the observation group was 6.00%,which was lower than 22.00%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The evaluation of V-VST swallowing test is effective in improving patients with acute stroke dysphagia in neurology,and can effectively reduce the rate of fasting,fluid replacement,gastric tube indwelling and aspiration pneumonia.

关 键 词：容积-黏度吞咽测试(V-VST) 急性脑卒中 吞咽困难 

分 类 号：R43.3[医药卫生—临床医学]